708 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



p^ jjfl). — The detection of iron in butter does not warrant the conclusion of bad 

 quality or bad taste. 



Butter colors containing mineral oils, M. Fritzsche {Ztschr. Untersuch. 

 Nahr. u. Genussmtl., 17 {1909), No. 9, pp. 528-531; abs. in Chem. ZentU., 1909, 

 II, No. 1, p. 53). — In 2 butter colors examined the chief constituent was found 

 to be a green fluorescent mineral oil, with a density of 0.9045 at 15° C, and a 

 flash point about 360°. One of the colors contained 60 per cent of this oil with 

 2 per cent coloring matter and the balance oil of sesame. The other had 53 

 per cent of the oil, in addition to coloring matter and corn oil. 



Modification of Halphen's reaction, L. Garniee (Jour. Pharm. ct Chim., 6. 

 ser., 29 (1908), No. 6, pp. 213, 27. i; abs. in Chem. ZentW., 1909, I, No. 17, p. 

 IJfJ^O). — The author observed that equal amounts of cotton-seed oil gave reac- 

 tions of various intensities, dependent upon whether a clear sulphur solution 

 or much suspended sulphur in the bisulphid was employed as the reagent. In 

 order to obtain both the maximum intensity and uniformity of color carbon 

 bisulphid with 2 per cent of stick sulphur was used for all reactions. The 

 reagent was prepared by shaking the ingredients, marking the height of the 

 fluid, heating gently on a reflux condenser for 1 hour, and after cooling, refill- 

 ing to the mark with carbon bisulphid. The reagent is then poured into test 

 tubes of 14 to 15 mm. internal diameter, and standards are made representing 

 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 50, 75, and 100 per cent of cotton-seed oil. These are preserved 

 in a cool, dark place. 



[Kreis's reaction for detecting peanut oil in olive oil], H, Kruer (Pharm. 

 Zig., 54 (1909), No. 36, p. 357; abs. in Chem. Ztg., 33 (1909), No. 77, Repert., 

 p. 335). — The reaction was found reliable to detect peanut oil, as while pure 

 olive oil gives a yellow-brown color it never yields a red reaction. To execute 

 the test equal volumes of oil and nitric acid (specific gravity 1.4) are taken and 

 0.1 per cent ethereal phloroglucin solution so brought on top as to make a 

 stratum. At the point of contact a raspberry-red coloration ensues. 



Oil of sesame can be detected by the furfurol reaction. 



Shaking out v. extraction method for fats, B. Schulze (Landw. Vers. Stat,, 

 71 (1909), No. 1-3, pp. 239-2^3).— With distillery slops the shaking out process 

 gave results 3 per cent lower than the ordinary extraction method. In cases 

 where the materials wore dried previously the results coincided fairly well. 



Investigation of the methods of determining pentosen and pentosans and 

 their practical application, M. R. Adax iOsterr. Chem. Ztg., 12 (1909), No. 13, 

 p. 172). — The method with phenylhydrazin was discarded, both on account of its 

 complexity and, particularly, its toxicity. The author prefers the phloroglucin 

 method. 



Notes on fodder analysis, J. C. Brunnich and F. Smith (Rpt. Austral. 

 Assoc. Adv. ScL, 11 (1907), pp. 3.}3-3//8). — In comparing the Maercker method 

 with the diastase method for determining the total starch in grasses and like 

 material, the latter was found to give the moi'e cori'ect estimate of the true 

 starch content. A table of analyses of various grasses analyzed is given. 



The determination of urea in urine, F. W. Gill, F. G. Allison, and H. S. 

 Grindley (.Jour. Amcr. Chem. Soc., 31 (1909), No. 9, pp. 1078-1093, fig. 1).— 

 Conclusions follow which were drawn from extended studies of methods of 

 analysis. 



" Creatinin and hippuric acid are not at all decomposed by heating in the 

 autoclave with hydrochloric acid but they are partially decomposed either be- 

 fore or after treatment with hydrochloric acid in the autoclave with 20 cc. of 

 10 per cent sodium hydroxid solution. 



