HORTTCULTITRE. 331 



yield and stand. Tlio quality of tho tobacco sn>wn on the ditTerent plats was 

 also decidedly in favor of those on which phosphoric acid had been used. These 

 results in general coincide with the chemical analyses of the soil which show 

 that it is short in phosjihoric acid, and very well supplied with potash and 

 nitrogen. 



Troublesome weeds of the year, S. B. McCre.u)y (Ann. Rpt. Ontario Agr. 

 Col. and Euiit. Farm. 3.', (HWS). pp. Sl-.'il, fig.^. 2).— A list of the most trouble- 

 some weeds during the year is given and the spread of pepper grass {Lepidimn 

 campcstrc). roquette (Enica .satira). Russian thistle (HitJsoJa kali tragus). 

 and Barnaby's thistle {Centaiirea .<iOlsiitiaU.s) is described. TheBarnaby thistle, 

 a new weed in Ontario, is considered as having been probably introduced 

 through impure alfalfa seed. 



Repeated sprayings with iron sulphate solution did not eradicate bindweed, 

 but a single thorough application completely destroyed field chickweed. Annual 

 sow thistle, Canada thistle, curled dock, and burdock were apparently little 

 affected by spraying with this substance. On 20 acres of Ijarley sprayed .June 

 20 at a total cost of $17.16 practically all the mustard was killed out by spray- 

 ing with iron sulphate. The results indicated that the proper time to apply 

 the iron sulphate solution is just before the barley blossoms. 



HORTICULTURE. 



Horticultural work at the Canadian experiment stations, AV. T, Macoun, 

 R. Robertson, .7. Murray, A. Mackay, and T. A. Sharpe {Canada E.vpt. Farms 

 Rpts. 1907, pp. 96-Wf, 286-290, 309-31Ji, 337-3.',7, 381-398, pis. 2).— This consists 

 of progress reports on horticultural work conducted in 1907 at the Central Ex- 

 perimental Farm, Ottawa, and at the Nova Scotia, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, and 

 British Columbia substations. As in previous years (E. S. R., 19, p. 943), con- 

 siderable data are given on extensive variety tests of vegetables and fruits. 



Thirty-two varieties of seedling apples and 1 seedling pear received for exam- 

 ination at the Central Farm in 1907 are described. Seventy-three additional 

 varieties of the seedling apples which were originated on the farm fruited in 

 1907. Among these were a large number of good varieties, the best of which are 

 described. They are to be tested further relative to their behavior when grafted 

 on other stocks. The one-third acre closely-planted Wealthy apple orchard, 

 which has been reported on several times (E. S. R., 18, p. 140), gave estimated 

 net profits per acre of $112.80 in 1906 and $.37.54 in 1907. the crop being rather 

 light and i)rices low in the latter year. On the basis of the results securetl for 

 sevei'al years, the method of close planting as here reported is recommendetl to 

 fruit specialists as being a more remunerative method of growing early-bearing 

 varieties than the regular planting distances of 30 to 30 ft. apart. A list is 

 given of varieties of commercitil and domestic fruits recommended for eastern 

 Ontario and Quebec south of latitude 46°. 



Observations have been made on winter injury to fruit trees at the Central 

 Farm during the past 20 years. The conclusions drawn and recommendaticms 

 made relative to this trouble are summarized and include a discussion of 10 

 forms of winter injury which affect various i)arts of the tree. 



Experimental shipments of tomatoes to Glasgow, Scotland, were made in 

 1907, from which it appears that Canadian tomatoes can not be profitably 

 shipped to Scotland. 



AltDough It is not believed that apple growing will soon become of commercial 

 importance in Manitoba, a number of varieties are now well established and are 

 yielding good crops at the Brandon Station. Among these are Duchess, 



