ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 16^ 



while the teiuiieratiire wa.s below ni" (1905-0). The sex was detenniiuHl for 

 more than 8,500 weevils wliieli had survived tho winter and it was found that 

 56.7 per cent of these were males. 



lu each locality (I'.IOT) the; maximum longevity after emergence was shown 

 by males, and the average duration of life of that sex was also slightly in 

 excess of that of females. The average survival of all weevils liept without 

 food was about 10 days, but a considerable number lived to between G and 12 

 weelis after emergence. The maximum survival for any unfed weevil was 90 

 days. It thus appears that there is no chance to starve out all weevils by any 

 possible delay in planting. Among the fed weevils the longest lived was also 

 a male which was active for 130 days after its emergence. The longest lived 

 female was active for 118 days. The average active life for all fed weevils 

 was 2~>h days after emergence. Practically one-half of all fed weevils lived for 

 more than 6 weeks in the spring. Reproduction can not begin until the first 

 squares becouie at least half grown. 



It is concluaed that at whatever date cotton may be planted in a locality, 

 there is a decided advantage in having it all planted at as nearly a uniform 

 date as is possible. It is considered that this study has demonstrated the 

 enormous practical importance of fall destruction of the plants. 



A stem boring' beetle attacking' cotton in the Sudan, H. H. King {Jour. 

 Econ. Biol., Jf {1909), Xo. 2, pp. '/->'-)'/. [)}. 1). — A species of the genus Spheuop- 

 tera, probably 8. ncglccta, has been found by the author in the province of 

 Berber where it is seriously injuring cotton. Notes are given on the life 

 history and habits of the pest. 



" Plants infested by the borers are not usually killed outright, but live to the 

 end of the season, though reduced in vitality. The borers are, however, fre- 

 quently the indirect cause of the death of the plant, as white ants (termites) 

 which will not, as a rule, attack healthy living plants, readily attack those 

 which have been weakened by the work of the beetle larvfe." 



The color sense of the honeybee: Is conspicuousness an advantage to 

 flowers? J. H. Lovell {Amcr. Nat., J,3 {1909), No. 610, pp. 338-3//9 ) .— The lit- 

 erature is critically reviewed and original observations recorded. 



A preliminary contribution to a knowledge of the g'enus Pepsis, J. Brethes 

 {An. Mas. Nac. Buenos Aires, 3. ser., 10 {1909), pp. 233-2.'i3). — Numerous 

 species of these pompilids are described as new. 



Studies in Oxybelidse, I, C. F. Baker {Pomona Jour. Ent., 1 {1909), No. 2, 

 pp. 27-30). — A provisional table is given for the separation of the four genera of 

 this family. Belomicrus eolorata and B. coolcii are described as new. 



On new species of Ixodidse, with a note on abnormalities observed in ticks, 

 C. Warburton and G. H. F. Nuttall {Parasitology, 2 {1909), Nos. 1-2, pp. 

 57-76, figs. 26). — Two species of Ixodes and 9 of H.iemaphysalis, all exotic, are 

 described as new. 



The influence of cold on ticks and Piroplasma parvum, A. Theilee {Bui. 

 Sac. Path. Exot., 1 {1908), No. 8, pp. J,51-J,5.'i; abs. in Jour. Trap. Vet. Sci., 4 

 (1909), No. 2, pp. 223-225). — Details are given of experiments conducted with 

 the view of determining the effect of cold upon the causative agent of East 

 coast fever when ingested by Rhipicrphalus appendiculatus, a brief summary 

 of which has been noted from another source (E. S. K., 21, p. 483). 



The effect of cold upon the blue tick is summarized as follows : " Larval ticks 

 of It. decoloratus die within 30 minutes when exposed to a temperature of 

 —18° C. ; larval ticks of R. decoloratus do not die when exposed to a tempera- 

 ture of — 18° C. for 15 minutes; larval ticks of R. decoloratus do not die when 

 exposed to a temperature of — 5° G. for 24 hours; the majority of larval ticks 

 of R. decoloratus die when exposed to a temperature of — 5° C. for 48 hours." 



