ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 349 



Experiments is given by. T. B. Synions (pp. I(i0-174). in wbicli it is conclndod 

 that tlie varying results show that further experiments are necessary in order 

 to establish what may be expected from such treatment. 



Eeport of the entomologist, E. W. Berger (Florida St a. Rpt. 1908, pp. 

 XLVl II-IjX III, pi. I). — Part 1 of this report is devoteil to investigations 

 made during the year of the white ily, a partial account of which has been 

 l)reviously noted (E. wS. R., 20. j). 10.^)3). In exi)eriments as to methods it 

 has been found that the period of summer rains is the most favorable time 

 for introducing fungus parasites; also, that it is possible to introduce such 

 fungi 1() the end of November at least by the spore-spi-aying method. Observa- 

 tions on the red and yellow Aschersonias point to the conclusion that the 

 white tiy spreads the fungi. Attention is again called to the fact that under 

 certain conditions the white fly matures on detached leaves. During the 

 year the pest made its appearance at Palm Beach and Geneva. The pome- 

 granate bush was found in one locality serving as a host plant for the pest. 

 The twice-stabbed ladybird {Chiloconus hivulucrus) was found to feed upon 

 the white fly. The press bulletins and addresses of the year are listed in part 2. 



In part 3 several injurious insects are considered. A scale infesting guava 

 and Ficus, Pulvinaria psidii, is reported to have been found in Florida, this 

 being the first occurrence of this destructive pest in the United States. Lach- 

 nopus hispidus and an undetermined species of the same genus were received 

 at the station, with the report that they were the source of injury to oranges 

 in Porto Rico. The seed-corn maggot tiy (Phorljia fusciceps) was discovered 

 near Gainesville, where the maggots were destroying seed potatoes, peas, 

 radishes, and onions. 



Report of the entomologist and botanist, 1907-8, J. Fletcher (Canada 

 Expt. Faring Rpts. 1UU7, pp. iiSJ-2/J, pi. 1). — The scarcity of insects of all kinds 

 during April and May of 1907 is said to have had a direct effect on bird life, as 

 well as in many places also upon fruit crops. 



The Hessian fly occurred in the maritime provinces in several localities, but 

 only in Prince Edward Island was noticeable Injury reported. The wheat-stem 

 saw fly (Cephas occidentalis) appeared in central Manitoba and the eastern 

 part of Saskatchewan in much more serious numbers than at any previous 

 time. The wheat jointworm (Isosoma tritici), which in Prince Edward Island 

 has been the source of considerable loss from year to year, is believed by some 

 correspondents to be rapidly spreading throughout the province. Specimens of 

 the green bug (Toxoptera graminum) were received from Emerson, Manitoba, 

 but these had merely spread over the border from an infestation a few miles 

 to the .south in Minnesota and did no injury in the Manitoba wheat flelds. 

 Serious complaints were made of injury in Manitoba and the eastern part of 

 Saskatchewan, due to the grain aphis (Macrosiphuin granaria) . Locusts were 

 injuriously al>undant in some places in eastern Ontario along the Quebec shore 

 of the Ottawa River, considerable injury being done to pastures and growing 

 crops. The pea weevil is apparently increasing in numbers. 



The codling moth in western Ontario was so destructive in some places that 

 several fruit growers discussed seriously the advisability of cutting down their 

 apple trees and planting grapes or peaches. This part of the province is within 

 the area where there are two regular broods of codling moth in the season, the 

 latter of which is by far the more destructive. Owing possibly to the inclement 

 season the increase of the oyster-shell scale in the summer of i;)07 was par- 

 ticularly noticeable. 



Although the San .Tose scale si)read to new orchards it did not invade new 

 territory in Ontario, where the San Jose scale inspector for the province reported 



