38 EXPEKIMENT STATION KECOED. 



were noted occurred just as freiiuently on uuirvafted jihuits and may he attrib- 

 uted to tlie same causes. 



Marketing fruit and truck crops, W. N. Mutt ( Mitii/liniil sta. Bid. 116. 

 pp. .iU-:i'u. fi(j!<. 39). — This bulletiu contains information with regard to the 

 grading, paclcing, and marketing of a large variety of fruit and truclc crops, and 

 is introduced by a discussion in regard to tlie value of standard packages, 

 brands, and trade-marks, and the relations of the railroads, commission men. 

 and fruit dealers to the growei'. 



Accounts are also given of the New York fruit exchange and a few types of 

 cooperative fruit-shippin.g associations or exchanges. The text is accompanied 

 by several figures illustrating various styles of fruit packages, etc. 



Orchard management, C. I. Lewis and W. H. Wicks (Oregon .S'/«. Bnl. it J. 

 Pi). '/7. flijs. 28). — This bulletin contains popular directions for growing the 

 more important kinds of orchard fruits, including a discussion of the location 

 and site. soil, drainage, methods of cultivation, use of cover crops and fertilizers, 

 irrigation, pruning, thinning, spraying, pollination, etc. 



The State is divided into 5 horticultural districts, and lists are given of apples, 

 pears, cherries, jjlums. prunes, peaches, grapes, strawberries, raspberi-ies, black- 

 berries, currants, and gooseberries adapted for planting in the several districts. 



The apple from orchard to market, C. I. Lewis (Oregon »s7fl. Bid. O'/. pp. .'/.S. 

 figs. -?/).— This bulletin contains popular directions for harvesting, grading. 

 l)acking, and marketing fruit, together with suggestions for the formation of 

 cooperative associations. In an appendix b.v E. II. Shepard the various 

 features of the Hood River ai)ple growers" union are described, including the 

 articles of incorporation and by-laws, together with advice and special direc- 

 tions to growers and packers. Extracts are also given from the Canadian 

 fruit marks act of 1901. The text is well illustrated. 



The home apple orchard, M. S. McElroy (Farming, S {1907). \o. '/. pp. l.'pK 

 I'll, figs. 7). — Directions are given for the planting and subsequent care of a 

 home apple orchard, together with a list of varieties recommended for planting 

 in different sections of the United States. 



The effect of wood ashes and acid phosphate on the yield and color of apples, 

 r. P. llEiiKicK (XciD York State »S7«. Bid. ,i.sy. pp. 211-235, dgni. 7).— This 

 bulletin contains an account of an experiment conducted by S. A. Beach in 

 the station orchard from 189o to 1!K)-1, inclusive, regarding the value of potash, 

 lihosphoric acid, and lime as found in wood ashes and acid phosphate for 

 fertilizing apple orchards. 



The experiment was origiinilly planned to determine the effect of wood ashes 

 on the scab fungus in the apple, as well as the value of the ashes as a fertilizer. 

 At the end of o years it was determined that the wood ashes had no material 

 effect on the scab fungus, and this feature of the exi)eriment was dropped. 

 A prelinnnary report of the experiment as published in 1897 has been noted 

 (E. S. R.. 10, p. 452). 



The present account is based on the above report, together with subse(iuent 

 data. In 1898 the test of wood ashes was supplemented by one of acid phos- 

 phate, and the two experiments were conducted through 1904. The trees, of 

 which there were 94 in the test, were 43 years old at the beginning of the 

 experiment, and included the following varieties: Baldwin, Fall Pippin, Rhode 

 Island Greening. Roxbury, and Northern Spy. The orchard was divided into 

 8 plats. 4 treated and 4 untreated. Wood ashes were api)lied at the rate of 

 100 lbs. per tree, or 4,800 lbs. i)er acre, to which was added during the last 7 

 years acid phosphate at the rate of 84 lbs per tree, or 408 lbs. per acre. From 

 these applications it is calculated that the trees were supplied each year with 



