56 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



to the author's experience, the best results are to be expected from the use of a 

 comparatively weak kerosene emulsion. If this n-emedy is applied in spruce 

 timber it will also be necessary to treat larch in the immediate neighborhood to 

 ]>revent the reinfestatioii of the spruce. 



Chermes of Colorado conifers, C P. Gillette (Proc. Acad. Nat. *S'c/. I'liiln.. 

 59 {1901), Xo. 1. pp. S-22, pis. 11).- — The species of Chermes found on conifers 

 in Colorado are described in detail, several of them l)eing new. Notes are also 

 given on tlie habits of these species. 



An ecological and experimental study of Sarcophagidee with relation to 

 lake beach debris, W. B. Herms (Ohio State Univ., Cant rib. Dept. ZooL and 

 Eiit., Xo. ,>-'i, pp. 39; reprinted from Jour. Expt. ZooL, 4 {1907), pp. Jf')-8S, fi(js. 

 7). — After the occurrence of storms along the shores of the Great Lakes there 

 is a greater or smaller amount of vegetable and animal debris left upon the 

 beach. The author made a study of the agency of insects, particularly flies of 

 the family Sarcophagid;e, in the destruction of this organic material. It appears 

 that the most common members of this family, particularly Liiciliu ctvsnr. are 

 most effective in destroying the animal and vegetable matter which would other- 

 wise become a source of nuisance. 



Exi)eriments were carried on to determine the reaction of the larvie of these 

 flies to chemical substances, light, and gravity. 



The danger of flies, A. E. Shipley (Sci. Proy. Twentieth Cent., 1 {1901), 

 A'o. .'i, pp. 723-729). — Attention is called to the imilortance of flies in the con- 

 tamination of various food products and in the distribution of infectious 

 diseases. 



Some practical directions for making oil emulsions, C. L. Penny {Delaware 

 St a. Circ. 1, pp. 6). — Formulas are given for the preparation of soap solutions, 

 mixtures of kerosene or crude oil and rosin oil, and other mixtures containing 

 proprietary preparations of oils in combination with other standard forms of 

 kerosene or crude oil. It has been found that some of the proprietary soluble 

 oils separate and it is, therefore, recommended that they be thoroughly mixed 

 before using. 



Control of insect pests and diseases of Maryland crops, J. B. S. Norton 

 and T. B. Symons {Maryland Sta. Bui. 115, pp. l-',5-210, figs. 38). — A general 

 description is given of the kinds of damage caused to crops by insects and 

 fungus diseases. Formulas are presented for the preparation of standard 

 insecticides and fungicides and directions are given for their application. A con- 

 siderable portion of the bulletin is occupied with an alphabetical list of cultivated 

 crops with notes on their common insect and fungus enemies and remedies for 

 the control of these pests. 



Spraying the apple orchard, E. D. Sanderson, T. J. Headlee, and C. Brooks 

 {Xeir Hampshire Sta. Bui. 131, pp. 11-56, figs. 36). — The present status of the 

 apple industry in New Hampshire is briefly outlined. The life history of the 

 codling moth is described and a summary is presented of spraying experiments 

 in New Hampshire duriiig 190G. In the spraying exi>eriments reported by the 

 author it was found that at the average price of winter apples a profit of $1 to 

 .$1.35 per tree may be secured by 2 spi-ayings for the codling moth. Attention is 

 also called to the value of scraping loose bark from the trees in order to destroy 

 the favorable locations for the hibernation of the codling moth. 



When arsenicals are mixed with Bordeaux mixture, apple scab and fruit spot 

 are also largely held in check. 



Spraying, L. R. Taft {Michigan Sta. Spec. Bui. 37. pp. 32. figs. 10).— The 

 recommendations brought together in the present bulletin concern measures for 

 the control of the San Jose scale, potato blight, black rot, and mildew of grapes, 



