FIELD CROPS. 133 



l«»ss than 27 bu. averajijed 4.Sr> tillers per plant. In 1905 stooling apparently bad 

 little or no effect upon the yield. In lOOG varieties averaging 7 or more tillers 

 per plant made an average yield of 4o.G2 bu. per acre, and tliose averaging less 

 than 7 a yield of 4.1.51 bu. lu 1904 tbe varieties tillering the most made the 

 largest yields, while in 1900 the reverse took place, indicating that the yield 

 depends upon the thickness of the stand, but that the proper thickness may vary 

 with the season. 



In 1904. 2 varieties of soft wheat gave an average yield of 27.2 bu.. 15 varie- 

 ties of the smooth bearded type of hard wheats 28 bu.. 2 varieties of the smooth 

 awnless type 19.S bu.. and 2 varieties of awnless velvet chaff 10.4 bu. per acre. 

 During the 3 years the varieties of the hard red Tvirkej^ or Russian type of 

 wheat wei'e the best yielders. The highest average yield for the 3 seasons, 41.7 

 bu. per acre, was made by Bearded Fife, really a hard i*ed Turkey wheat. 

 Other varieties tested for 3 years and producing large average yields were De- 

 fiance, Turkey No. 4, Turkey No. 9, Malakoff, and Kharkof of the hard wheats, 

 and Zimmerman and Fultz of the soft wheats. The 2 soft wheat varieties 

 averaged 38.3 bu. per acre, as compared with 37.88 bu. for the 11 hard wheats 

 tested during the same i>eriod. It is stated that the hard wheats are especialy 

 adapted to fairly dry or upland conditions, such as obtain in the western two- 

 thirds of tbe State and on the uplands in the eastern part, while the.soft wheats 

 give best results in eastern Kansas on bottom lands and in some sections on the 

 lower uplands. 



A selected strain of winter durum wheat pi'oduced 42.56 bu. per acre in 1904, 

 as compared with 17.52 bu., the largest yield from spring durum wheat. The 

 following year, however, only about one-tenth of the plants of this strain sur- 

 vived the winter. 



In 1900 the best results were secured from planting wheat in furrows 2 to 

 2i in. deep. Seeding winter wheat at weekly intervals from September 1 to 

 November 3 resulted in the best yields on the plats sown September 21 and 27 

 and October 5. The use of 5 pk. of seed per acre gave the largest yield as 

 compared with other quantities of seed. In previous tests, seeding G to 8 pk. 

 per acre has given the best results. 



A yield of 59.09 bu. per acre was secured on a i-acre plat. This high yield 

 is regarded as resulting from a good rotation of crops, the application of barn- 

 yard manure in moderate quantities, early plowing and frequent cultivation 

 of the soil, seeding at a favorable time, and the use of a well-bred variety. In 

 this same field a measured acre produced 3,497.6 lbs., or 58.3 bu. of wheat. 



In a fertilizer experiment it was shown that commercial fertilizers on worn 

 land, deficient in humus and in bad physical condition, are practically a total 

 loss. In all fertilizer tests with small grains conducted at the station the 

 application of barnyard manure has resulted in the largest yields. For green 

 manuring the cowpea was found to be an excellent crop. It was found, how- 

 ever, that corn is a much better crop than wheat to follow cowpeas. 



Wheat was grown in a 2-year rotation, being alternated with wheat, oats, 

 Hax. millet, soy beans, sorghum, Kafir corn, and corn. The value of the crops 

 lor a 4-year period was greatest when wheat was rotated with oats, and next 

 greatest when wheat was grown continuously. 



In 1904 winter barley, owing to winterkilling, gave a low yield, but in 1905 

 2^ acres yielded 67.86 bu. per acre. In 1906 a yield of 6<).9 bu. per acre was 

 secured from a variety originally obtained from the Tennessee Station. As com- 

 pared with other grains winter barley yielded nearly 75 bu. more grain per acre 

 in the ."'> years than spring barley and 40 bu. more than the best producing oats. 

 The barley sown on September 21 and 27 gave better results than that sown 



