146 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOED. 



manager of the refrigerating works of the Western Australian government had 

 found that tliese maggots lived to resist temperatures of 44° to 38° F. ; hence 

 in the present experiments the wormy fruit tested was subjected to a tempera- 

 ture averaging from 33° to 35°. When taken out and examined, the eggs 

 appeared fresh, but when subjected to ordinary temperature they failed to 

 hatch out and shriveled up after a few days. 



In the data obtained from this experiment l.j days was found to be the 

 limit at which the maggot or eggs lived, although to insure perfect safety it is 

 recommended that wormy fruit be submitted to cold storage at the above tem- 

 perature for 3 weeks. 



Formosa tea industry, J. H. Arnold {Mo. Consular and Trade Rpis. [V. ^.'\, 

 1901, A'o. 321, pp. lJf9, 150). — In this abstract of the authoi-'s report on the 

 Formosa tea industry the exports of tea from Formosa during 1006 are given 

 as 21,002.14.5 lbs., with an approximate value of .$3,.500.000, of which the United 

 States took 17.1.50.310 lbs. as compared with 18,001.011 lbs. in 100-5. 



A tea expert has been endeavoring to show the Chinese growers the value of 

 fertilizers in increasing the productivity of the crop without injuring the flavor 

 of the tea. Utilization of the inferior leaves, whch were at one time a loss to 

 the dealers, is recommended in the manufacture of pouchong and black teas. 

 Pouchong tea is described as an oolong, scented with the flowers of jasmine, 

 gardenia, etc., and has an extensive sale among the Chinese population in the 

 Straits Settlements, the Philippines, Hawaii, find some parts of the I'nited 

 States. In lOOG, 4,300,000 lbs. of pouchong tea was exported from Formosa, 

 about one-half of which was produced on the island. An attempt is now being 

 made to secure a market in Turkey and Russia for brick and black teas of 

 Formosa manufacture, in the making of which it is hoped to utilize the tea 

 dust which at present finds no market. 



Pruning coffee trees, E. J. Nunez (Bol. Agr. [Han Salrador'\, 7 (1907), No. 3. 

 pp. 108-119, 7?//.s. 8). — This article contains general considerations with regard 

 to the principles and advantages of pruning, with a si)ecial discussion on the 

 pruning of coffee trees. 



Turkish hazelnut growing, M. A. Jewett [Daily Consular and Trade Rptfi. 

 [r. S.]. Hid';. Xo. 2!ios. pp. 11, 12). — The author gives a brief description of 

 hazelnut (filbert) production in the province of Trebizond. Asia Minor. It is 

 estimated that 400,000 acres of land on the hillsides along the south shore of 

 the Black Sea and extending 10 to 15 miles inland are devoted to filbert culture. 



The young trees begin to bear at the end of the fourth or fifth year and are 

 said to be at their best when 7 or 8 years old. The orchards are renewed at 

 the end of 15 to 20 years' time. The nuts are harvested in .July and August 

 and dried and sorted to some extent before i)eing brought to the market. 

 There are 3 varieties grown — the round, pointed, and almond — of which the 

 round nuts are most abundant and furnish the basis for prices. The " almond " 

 filberts, while few, are of high quality and sell for .30 per cent more than the 

 round. The pointed nuts are shipped in the shell and cost 10 per cent more than 

 the round. The round nuts, which form the bulk of the crop, are usually shelled 

 before being exported, since shelling effects a saving of about 50 per cent on 

 the freight. The, shells are used for fuel and a small quantity are shipped to 

 Europe, where they are said to be used in adulterating spices. 



The nuts are sometimes bleached by fumigation before they are exported. 

 However, while this practice improves the color, it is said to injure the flavor 

 and the keeping quality of the nuts and is not considered a beneficial practice. 

 The total exports for 1906 were 80,000 cwt. of nuts in the shell and 8.5.000 cwt. 

 shelled, of which 6,340 cwt, practically all shelled, valued at $63,834, were sent 

 direct to the United States. 



