ECOXOMIC ZOOLOGY — ENTOMOLOGY. 157 



tbe Transvaal in 1S9S and has been found to serve excellently well the purposes 

 for which it was set aside. The animals which are protected in this reserve 

 are not found in the United States, but the author calls attention to the fact 

 that the conditions in South Africa and the United States are essentiallj" the 

 same in that a number of the most interesting and most valuable native animals 

 are apparently doomed to extinction unless given the protection of a reserve. 



Methods of destroying rats, D. E. Lantz (f. S. Dcpt. Agr., Farmers' Bui. 

 297. pi>. <S. fig. 1 ) . — The common brown rat is considered the most injurious 

 mammal in the country. It may be combated by poisoning with barium car- 

 bonate, stiTchnin, arsenic, or phosphorus; trapping, especially with some form 

 of guillotine trap; the use of ferrets and dogs: fumigation with carbon bisul- 

 phid in burrows ; and by the general adoption of rat-proof construction of 

 buildings, which may be accomplished by the use of cement. 



Means of destroying rats, mice, and snails, H. Raebigeb (Jahrlj. Dent. 

 Laiidir. GesclL, 22 (if'"7), Xo. 1. pp. 10'i-l.3(i). — The common methods for the 

 destruction of rats and mice include the use of traps, poisons, and bacterial 

 cultures. In the author's experience, traps and poisons have given less satis- 

 factory results than bacterial virus, particularly a form of virus which has 

 been extensively used by the German Agricultural Society. In some instances, 

 this does not cause an infection, but the author believes that rats and mice 

 vary greatly in their resisting power. 



In combating snails and slugs, the author recommends sprinkling dry pow- 

 dered lime on plants so that snails will come in contact with it. The lime dust 

 sets up a fatal irritation on the integument of snails. 



The occurrence of field mice and means of combating them, X. Hiltneb 

 {Prakt. BI. Pflaiizciihaii ii. Schiitz. ii. ser., J (1901). Xo. ■'>. pp. -50, 51). — Brief 

 notes are given on the injuries which may be produced by field mice and on the 

 distribution of virus for causing infection among these pests. 



The protection of our native birds, T. H. Moxtgomery. .Jr. {BitJ. Uitir. 

 Texas. .S'c/. Ser. Xo. S. pp. 30). — The author presents a series of arguments in 

 favor of bird protection and gives data regarding the destruction of birds for 

 food and millinery purposes and on the means of bird protection. 



Bird protection, H. von Berlepsch {.Jalirh. Dent. Laiidir. Gesell.. 22 (1901), 

 \(). 1. pp. l.iO-l.il, figs. 20). — Descriptions are given of a large number of devices 

 for feeding birds and for use in nesting. 



Injurious birds, Kxotek (yatunc. Ztsehr. Land u. Forsfir.. .J (1901). Xo. G. 

 pp. 21.3-2SO. figs. .i). — Particidar attention was directed to the attacks of mag- 

 pies, jays, arid various species of crows on corn. Illustrations are also given of 

 the injury to the foliage of coniferous trees from various wild species of grouse. 



Index-catalogue of medical and veterinary zoology. C. W. Stiles and 

 A. Hassall (V. H. Dept. Agr.. Bur. Auim. Indus. Bui. 39. pt. IS. pp. 130.i-l.39S).— 

 This part of the bulletin contains the names of authors arranged alphabetically 

 from Martins to Mitrofanow. 



The use of glass vessels in the study of the relations between insects and 

 flowers. V. I'lateat (Acad. Roy. Belg.. Bui. CI. Sci.. 1906. Xo. 12. pp. 7-}i- 

 llj. figs. 2). — In the author's experience it appears that the color of tlowers 

 is not as important a source of attraction to insects as has usually been assumed. 

 Other factors are observed to exercise more influence in determining the flight 

 of insects in visiting flowers. 



Fourth annual report of the State entomologist of Montana. R. A. Cooley 

 (Montana Sfa. Bui. (i.'i. }tp. .hi-)-')). — Brief notes are given on the cutworms in 

 winter wheat fields, the sugar-beet webworm, codling moth, cabbage plutella, 

 currant spanworm, rose slug, spotted blister beetle, grasshoppers, cabbage 

 aphis, etc, 



