VETERINAEY MEDICINE. 183 



animal or man i.s onlirely immune tu tuberculosis. The opportunities for 

 becoming infecteil. particularly by the ingestion of tubercle bacilli, are fre- 

 quent, and on tliis account the author looks forvrard hopefully to the further 

 perfection of a methitd of vaccinating animals and man against the disease. 



Recent work on the etiology of tuberculosis and vaccination for that 

 disease, II. Valli'.e {Aim. Med. \('t.. .'lU (l!)i>7), A'O. //. ijp. .^(io~221).—Th(i 

 essential jtoints established by recent investigation of tuberculosis are presented 

 in a critical review. In the author's opinion it has been established that vac- 

 cination against tuberculosis is possible and credit is given to von Behring for 

 being the first to demonstrate this fact. 



Anthrax or charbon, W. 11. Dalkv.mi'Li-: {Louisiana Stiis. Circ. ■/iiiic. l!l()7, 

 Pl>- -I, fiil'^- ~ •• — -^'1 account is given of the etiology, transmission, spread, period 

 of incubation, symptoms, course, diagnosis, and treatment of anthra.v. 



Osteomalacia and rachitis of domestic animals, Lienaux {Ann. Med. ] rt., 

 oO {1!)01). \o. .'/, pp. li).]-2i>0). — Osteoaialacia is oltserved in cattle, goats, sheep, 

 and horses and may be produced by inoculation in small lalxiratory animals. 

 Rachitis is known to occur in nearly all species of animals. Within recent 

 yeai's some evidence lias been presented tending to show that these diseases 

 are of infectious origin. Many cases have occurred in which no other reasona- 

 ble explanation could be offered. It is believed, however, that the classical 

 causes usually assigned for osteomalacia and rachitis may jje predisposing 

 factors in the production of these diseases. 



Pseudofarcy among cattle in Sumatra, A Vryburg {Rec. Med. Vet., 8-'i 

 {1901). ^<ls. 1. pp. .j I -.{!>: 7. pp. .^'il-:i'iS). — According to the author's experi- 

 ments, ht)rses and cliickens are refractory to this disease, while sheep, rabbits, 

 and guinea jiigs show a more or less intense reaction after inoculation with 

 virus obtained from cattle. The natural mode of infection is not known witli 

 certainty. It appears tliat contact is not necessary to produce an infection. 

 Serum obtained from innuunized animals may be used in turn to immunize 

 healthy animals, and after such immunization there is no necessity of isolation. 

 lodid of potash has no intlueuce on the progress of the disease. 



The toxin of the blackleg bacillus, P. Eisenberg {Coiiipt. Rend. tSoe. Biol. 

 [Paris]. 62 (1907). ^o. 12, pp. 613-61-}). — In experiments with rabbits and 

 guinea pigs the author demonstrated that toxin of the blackleg bacillus may ex- 

 ercise its effects immediately, without a preliminary period of incubation. As a 

 rule bacterial intoxications do not develop until after a period of incubation 

 has been passed. Occasionally, however, the toxin acts at once in the manner of 

 other animal and vegetable poisons. 



Echinococcus in the heart of cattle and prophylactic notes, A. Pasquai.i 

 (Clin. Vet. {MHaii], .30 (1907), Xo. U,. pp. 232-237).— \n a case observed by the 

 author the clinical symptoms were not sufficient to permit of a reliable diag- 

 nosis. A post-mortem examination, however, disclosed the presence of echi- 

 nococcus in the heart. Attention is called to the comparative ease with which 

 the prevalence of this disease may be checked by the api)licatiou of suitable 

 proiihylactic measures. 



Johne's disease: A chronic bacterial enteritis of cattle, J. M'Fadyean 

 ilour. Coinpar. Path, and Ther., 20 {1907), 'So. 1, pp. JiS-60, fif/s. 10) .—Within 

 the past few years it has been found that cattle are (juite fretpiently affected 

 with a chronic enteritis during which acid-fast bacteria are found in the mucous 

 membrane of the small intestines. The bacteria have, at times, been suspected 

 of being closely related to the tubercle bacillus. The lesions caused by them, 

 however, are much less extensive, and inflammation is comparatively very sliglit. 

 The autlior believes' that the disease is strictly infectious, spreading from one 

 animal to another, and recommends the careful isolation of affected animals. 



