186 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



guinea pigs as the experimental animals. Detailed notes are given on the 

 technique of laboratory methods and on the symptoms produced by the use of 

 the dead glanders bacilli. 



It is found that dead glanders bacilli are toxic and when used in large quan- 

 tities px-oduce a rapidly fatal result, whether inoculated into the peritoneum or 

 given through the mouth. The chief symptoms are fever, emaciation, neci'osis 

 of the white blood corpuscles, and hypertrophy of the lymph glands. Although 

 the dead glanders bacilli produce extremely toxic effects, they are rapidly 

 destroyed by the white blood corpuscles. The penetration of these bacilli 

 through the intestinal walls takes place largely in the ileum and c;ecuni. 



Glanders in 1907, R. Porch (Vet. Rec, 19 (1907), Xo. DSO, pp. 681-684).— 

 Glanders prevails throughout England but is observed with special frequency 

 in and around London. Since 1891 the loss of 46,898 horses has been reported 

 from this disease alone. The author considers it an unnecessary loss since 

 practical means for the control of the disease are known and the veterinary 

 service is of sufficient extent to eradicate glanders provided a systematic attempt 

 is made to do so. 



Osteoporosis in animals, H. Ingle (Jour. Covipar. Path, and Ther., 20 

 {1901), J\o. 1, pp. 3')-JiS). — Chemical analyses were made of the bones of a 

 number of healthy and diseased horses, mules, and .jacks. From these anlayses 

 it appears that the presence or absence of osteoporosis could be determined with 

 certainty by the chemical composition of the bones. No micro-organism has 

 been definitel.v associated with this disease, and the cause appears to be found 

 in defective nutrition. 



In the bones of horses suffering from osteoporosis tliere is an actual deficiency 

 of lime and ijhosphoric acid, but the author proposes the theory that the ab- 

 normal <-(indition of the bones is brought about l\v the use of foods not neces- 

 sarily deficient in lime or phosphates, but in which the ratio of lime to the 

 phosphoric acid is too low. This would be the ease where the ration consists 

 too exclusively of oats and corn. In such a ration the proportion of phosphoric 

 acid to lime is altogether too high. The author suggests that in localities where 

 aniihals suffer from osteoporosis farmers should avoid the use of an exclusive 

 ration of oat-hay and corn, and should supplement the deficiency in basic mate- 

 rials, particularly lime, by the addition of grass-hay, or better, by the use of 

 alfalfa. 



Osteoporosis of solipeds, A. Theiler (Moiiatsli. Prakt. TicrhciUc, 18 {1901), 

 A'o. .j, pp. ]9-i-2<i9, fiijs. -'/). — The jjathological anatomy of this disease is de- 

 scribed in detail. Osteoporosis affects horses and other solipeds of both sexes 

 and all ages and in the form usually observed in South Africa appears not to 

 be connected with the kind of feed used. The author believes that the lack of 

 bone-building salts can not be considered as the cause of the diseas3. Inocula- 

 tion experiments, however, fail to cause an infection. In advanced cases, 

 medical treatment seems to be of no avail, but in the early stages of the disease 

 a decided change of location and climate may bring about some improvement. 



Indian equine piroplasmosis, A. J. Williams {Jour. Compar. Path, and 

 Ther., 20 {1901), No, 1, pp. 2S-35, eliarts 5). — A general account is presented of 

 the prevalence, symptoms, course, and etiology of this disease. In treating the 

 disease, good results are reported from the use of quinin in large doses at the 

 outset, decreasing the dose after the first few days, and adding suitable tonics. 

 It is desirable that animals should be kept quiet during the treatment. Thus 

 far little work has been done in India regarding the etiology of equine piro- 

 plasnwsis. and the means of transmission of the disease are not known. 



A piroplasmosis of the horse in Italy, L. Raruchello and N. Mori {Centhl. 

 Bakt. [etc.}, 1. Abt., OrUj., .'/.3 {1901), No. 6, pp. 593-60-',).— A piroplasmosis 



