VETERINARY MEDT("INE. 187 



wiiirli occurs duriii,:,' tlic suiiiinor nionllis in the vicinity of Rome and has been 

 refei-ivd to undci- various names, such a.s typlioid fever, influenza, etc., is 

 caused by a bhjod parasite wliicli may prove to be Piroplasina cqui. but the 

 species has not been definitely determined. 



The treatment of different forms of pneumonia in th.e horse, M. V. 

 Droii.n {Rev. Ocn. Mnl. Vvt., 9 (1907), lYo. lOS, pp. 365-3S// ) .— The most 

 serious forms of pneumonia in the horse are the form which follows strangles 

 and that conunonly designated as typhoid. The author describes the symptoms 

 which ordinarily appear in cases of pneumonia, and presents a general sum- 

 mary of recommendations regarding methods which have given beneficial results 

 in different cases. The results obtained from serum treatment and vaccination 

 are thus far not quite satisfactor.v, although somewhat encouraging. 



The etiology of strangles in horses, L. Bakuchello (Rev. G^n. Med. Vet., 

 9 (1901). No. lO.'i, pp. JiSS-'i-'il). — In the various foi'ms under which strangles 

 occurs a staphylococcus is frequentl.y found associated with the streptococcus 

 which has i)een considered as the cause of the disease. The autlior found that 

 both of these micro-organisms could easily be isolated from the blood of affected 

 animals. Apparently the streptococcus of strangles can not be differentiated 

 from *S'. jti/of/eiics and. the staphylococcus is also referred to as ,S'. pijogenes. 

 Mixed cultures of the two pathogenic organisms are more virulent than pure 

 cultures of either organism taken separately. The sterile filtrate of the sta- 

 phylococcus contains very toxic substances and. pure cultures of the strepto- 

 coccus are greatl,v increased in virulence by the addition of some of this toxin. 



The author believes as a result of his experiments and observations that the 

 great variation in the symptoms in different cases of strangles is largely clue 

 to the result of the complex action of the two associated organisms. 



Poisonous effects produced by aloes in a case of strangles, M. Albrecht 

 (Weh/isehr. TkrheUk. ii. richziicht, .U (1907), No. 15, pp. 2Si-2S6).— Drugs 

 which ordinarily in medicinal doses produce well-known harmless effects 

 occasionally induce dangerous symptoms in individual cases. Brief notes are 

 given on the effects observed from the administration of aloes. In two cases 

 which came under the author's observations dangerous intoxication was pro- 

 duced by the administration of the usual dose of aloes in cases of strangles. 



Bowel lesions in the horse due to a Strongylus, A. J. Beckett (Natal Agr. 

 Jour, and Min. Rec, 10 (191)7), No. ,i, pp. 2().i-20G, fig. 1). — The symptoms pro- 

 duced by infestation with Strongylus in the horse are vague and not character- 

 istic. They may resemble those of colic or enteritis. As soon as the pai-asite 

 worms are noticed, it is necessary to adopt preventive measures in order to 

 check the further spread of the disease. Great importance attaches to the 

 isolation of diseased animals, since otherwise the farm where the disease occurs 

 may become generally infested. 



Tetanus, J. L. Webb (Natal Agr. Jour, and Min. Rec, 10 (1907), No. 2, pp. 

 95-99, /7//.S-. 2). — The cause, symi)toms, period of incubation, and treatment of 

 this disease are briefly discussed. The author recommends the prompt antisep- 

 tic treatment of all wounds in localities where tetanus is to be feared. The 

 results thus far obtained from the use of antitetanus serum are somewhat 

 contradictoi'y. 



The three stages in the aerobic life of the tetanus bacillus, G. Rosenthal 

 (Compt. Rend. Soe. Biol. [Paris], 62 (1907), No. 12, t>p. 57.S-.J8r}).— Distinction 

 is made between the three stages which succeed one another in the culture of 

 the tetanus bacillus under aerobic conditions. For a short time the bacillus 

 retains its ordinar.v characters intact. Its chemical, biological, and patho.genic 

 jtropertics ;;re even retained during 5 or G transfers. Following upon this stage 



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