218 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



liosses in making and storing farmyard manure, T. B. Wood (Jour. Agr. 

 ScL, 2 {1901), A'O. 2, pp. 207-215'; (ths. hi Chcm. Ahs., 1 (,1907). No: U. p. 

 1890). — The character of these investigations and the results obtained are brietly 

 stated as follows : 



*' Two pairs of young Iieifers were fed on a weighed and analyzed diet, 

 and their dung was sampled and analyzed both in the fi-esh and in the rotted 

 states. 



" It was found that the fresh dung contained about three-fourths of the 

 nitrogen, two-thirds of the phosphoric acid, and seven-eighths of the potash 

 consumed by the animals in food and litter. 



"The dung made by the cake-fed animals was found to be more readily fer- 

 mentable, and consetjuently more liable to loss during storage, than that made 

 by the animals fed on roots and hay only. 



" The loss was foimd to fall chiefly on the ammoniacal nitrogen, in which 

 the cake-made dung is comjiaratively very rich. 



" Taking as a base line the amounts of nitrogen and phosphoric acid in the 

 dung of the animals fed on roots and hay only, it was found that the fresh 

 dung of the cake-fed animals contained 82 per cent of the nitrogen and 70 per 

 cent of the phosphoric acid of the cake they had consumed. 



" So great, however, was the 1(jss of ammoniacal nitrogen from the cake-made 

 dung that after months" storage under cover in the solid undisturbed state 

 in which it was left in the boxes by the animals only 87 per cent of the 

 nitrogen of the cake still remained in the rotted dung. 



" Dung is not usually kept .so long as this, nor through such a hot time of 

 the year, so that the average loss will probably be less than that found in the* 

 experiment, and one-half the nitrogen of purchased foods may very well be 

 the average amount recovered in the dung. 



"The experiment shows, however, that, without any very flagrant mis- 

 management, the proportion recovered may fall considerably below one-half, 

 especially if the dimg suffers further loss while lying on the surface of the land 

 in dry weather." 



Experiments in sampling liquid manure and observations as to conditions 

 bearing upon the storage of liquid manure in cisterns, F. Hansen and It. K. 

 CiiRiSTENSEN (Tidsskr. Latulhr. Planteavl, 13 (1906), pp. 235-2.)0).— The results 

 of analyses made by the authors show that liquid manure in cisterns should be 

 sampled in different places below the surface, since the sxirface layer is likely 

 to be too low in nitrogen through evaporation of ammonia. Satisfactory results 

 are also obtained by analysis of a single sample taken half-way down the cis- 

 tern, the error thus introduced being as a rule l)elow 0.02 per cent nitrogen. 

 Direct experiments in which li(iuid manure and solutions of ammonium carbonate 

 or sulphate were kept in liquid tanks for 4 months showed losses through 

 evaporation of anmionia of al>out 30 per cent of nitrogen in the case of the 

 former two liquids and of 0.5 per cent in the case of ammonium sulphate. — 



K. W. WOLL. 



Green manuring, A. Trunz (Die Griindihipinifj. Ihrc trrJnuschr Diirchfuhrinifi 

 und irirtschafilichc liedcittuug iicbst Beschreibuvg von Griindilngungswirtschaf- 

 ten. Berlin: Paul Parcy. IDOO, pp. IV-^60: rev. in Ztsrhr. Landir. VcrsKChsw. 

 (hierr., 9 (1906), \o. 12. p. 1069).— Th\^ booklet discusses the nature and value 

 of green manuring; various old and new systems of green manuring: the char- 

 acter, culture, and handling of various green manuring jdants ; and the value 

 and adaptability of green manuring under various conditions and in connection 

 with different systems of agriculture. 



The suitability of the vegetation method for the determination of the 

 fertilizer requirements of soils, \'. S.\zanov (Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. (Rufis. Jour. 



