244 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



tion is here given witli regard to the capacity of the poles green, seasoned, and 

 soalved to absorb preservatives, the degree of penetration secured with different 

 preservatives, and the comparative cost of treatment by the brusli and open- 

 tank methods. The methods of treatment are described and results tabulated. 



With regard to the absorption capacity of poles it was found that seasoned 

 poles absorbed nearly twice as nuich preservative as green poles, and the watei-- 

 soaking previous to treatment appeared to have no effect on the degree of ab- 

 sorption. With the brush treatments no essential difference has been noted in 

 absorption or penetration due to the season of cutting, while in the* tank treat- 

 ments, where only one preservative was used, the spring-cut poles absoi'bed 

 most, with the cut of winter, sununer, and autumn following in the order given. 

 In the brush method the average cost per pole was about 40 cts., or 29 cts. in 

 the case of creosote, of which 7 cts. represents the cost of oil. By the open-tank 

 process, in which creosote was the only preservative used, the average cost ]»er 

 pole was 07 cts., of which 22 cts. represents the cost of oil. 



In an appendix a list is given of the preservatives used, which are all more or 

 less modified distillates of coal tar or pine tar. Plans showing the relative 

 position of the treated, seasoned, and green poles in the two experimental tele- 

 l)hone lines ;\re also ] (resented. 



Varieties of chestnuts, A. Baglioni {Atti R. Accad. Ecoii. Af/r. Gcor(i. 

 Firciize, .',. ser., 4 (1901), Xo. 1, pp- 39-65, figs. <S). — This is a review of the 

 literature on the edible varieties of chestnuts, including descriptions and range 

 of distribution, together with a list of varieties recommended for planting in 

 Italy. Several of the more important varieties are illustrated. 



White oak in the southern Appalachians, W. B. Greeley and W. W. Ashe 

 {U. »S'. Dcpt. Ap)\, Forest Serv. Circ. 105, pp. 27). — In this circular considerable 

 data are given with regard to the importance, distribution, and present stand of 

 wliite oak, as well as a description of the wood and its uses, the silvical char- 

 acteristics and requirements of the trees, and suggestions for the management 

 of white-oak forests. 



Of the total annual cut of hardwoods in the southern Appalachain regions, 

 excluding Kentucky, white oak forms 49 per cent. The present stand in this 

 region is estimated at 13,102,305 M ft. B. M. Tables are given showing the 

 relation between the diameter breast high and the diameter of different stump 

 heights, the height and diameter of virgin white oak at different ages, and the 

 volume in board feet of white oak in the southern Appalachian region for diame- 

 ters between 14 and 40 in. arranged in height classes. 



Forest planting leaflet (White oak) (U. S. Dept. Affi:, Forest Serr. Circ. 106. 

 pp. Jf). — This circular treats of the white oak {Quereus alba) with reference to 

 its form and size, range, habits and growth, economic uses, methods of propa- 

 gation, ]danting, cultivation and care. 



The Duke's osier-bed by the river Thames between Kew and Richmond, 

 B. y. Ramaiengar (Quart. Jour. Forestry, 1 (1907), No. 2, pp. 152-156).— The 

 author gives an accoimt of a 62-acre osier-bed on the estate of the Duke of 

 Northumberland, including a description of the growing stock and notes on the 

 method of working, utilization of produce, expenditures of various kinds, and 

 yield. A table is given showing the income and expenditure for the year 1905, 

 the net revenue being £15 7s. Od. (about $77) per acre. 



Evergreens for South Dakota, N. E. Hansen (South Dakota Sta. Bill. 10.1, 

 pp. 15Ji-217, figs. 26). — This bulletin is based on the experiments with evergreens 

 conducted at the station for the past 19 years, together with the experience 

 of planters in other parts of the State. It contains popular suggestions for the 

 propagating, transplanting, cultivation, pruning, and management of evergreens. 



