280 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



tions reported in the present paper the anthor noted that the saliva may re- 

 main virnlent for several days after complete recovery has taken place. 



The mode of absorption of tetanus toxin, P. Cernovodeanu and V. Henri 

 (Co)iii)t. Rend. ,s'oc. Biol. [Paris]. 62 (1907), A'o. 15. pp. 812-815). — In a study 

 of the absorption of tetanus toxin it was found that the movement of the toxin 

 could be checked as effectively by severing the blood vessels of the leg in which 

 the injection was made as by severing the nerves. If the blood vessels are 

 severed and the muscles of the thigh ligatured, large doses of tetanus toxin 

 may be injected into the extremity of the leg without causing tetanus. The 

 toxin in such cases, however, remains virulent and the portion of the sciatic 

 nerve beyond the ligature absorbs the tetanus toxin. 



The influence of high temperature on the course of experimental tetanus 

 and streptococcic infection, O. Kitzmann (Arch. Hi/(/.. 61 (1907), \o. .'/, pp. 

 355-38-'i). — In experiments with various laboratory animals it was found that 

 mice maintained at a temperature of 8.")° C. became infected with tetanus nuich 

 more readily than when kept at ordinary living temperatures. The effect of 

 temperature upon tetanus infection with guinea pigs, however, was less striking. 



The influence of cold upon experimental tetanus, Ciuca {Compt. Rend. Soc. 

 .Biol. [Paris]. 62 (1907), Xo. 16. pp. 858,859). — Experiments with small labo- 

 ratory animals have already shown that cases of tetanus progress more rapidly 

 and assume a more virulent form when the animals are subjected to excessively 

 high temperatiuvs. The author also found that similar effects were produced 

 by subje<ting the animal to low temperatures. The resistant power of the 

 animal appears to be thereby reduced. 



The action of sunlight upon bacteria with special reference to Bacillus 

 tuberculosis, J. Weinzirl (Jour. Infect. />/.sro.sr«, 1907, May, Sup. 3, pp. 128- 

 153, pis. 2). — The author made a study of the various methods which have been 

 used in determining the effect of^unlight upon bacteria. Objections are found 

 to most of these methods in that they do not constitute true exposures, the bac- 

 teria being covered with glass or other material which absorbs and reflects 

 some of the sun's rays. When bacteria were directly exposed to the rays of 

 the sun without any covering over them, the author found that the germicidal 

 action of sunlight was much more effective than it had previously been con- 

 sidered. 



The organisms upon which observations were made were the bacilli of tuber- 

 culosis, typhoid fever, cholera, diphtheria, etc., but particular attention was 

 given to the tubercle bacillus. It was found that this organism as well as other 

 pathogenic nonspore-bearing bacteria is destroyed in from 2 to 10 minutes by 

 direct exposure to sunlight. According to the author, the hygienic importance 

 of sunlight has been considerably underestimated and nonspore-lieariug bacteria, 

 when freely exposed, are killed in from one-flfth to one-twentieth of the time 

 previously considered necessary. 



Cultural properties of tubercle bacilli, J. vo-\ Szaboky (Centbl. Bakt. [etc.], 

 1. AM., Oriy., ^3 (1907), Xo. 7. pp. 651-660). — Detailed notes are given on the 

 growth and behavior of tubercle bacilli on various culture media including hmg 

 agar, sputum agar. eggs, and tuberculous limg agar. 



Protective vaccination of cattle against tuberculosis, F. Hutyra (Ztschr. 

 Tuberkulose, 11 (1907), Ao. 2, pp. 97-122). — In the earlier experiments made 

 by the author in testing von Behring's method of vaccinating cattle, results 

 were obtained which led to a quite optimistic expression of belief in the pei*- 

 manent value of this method. Later experiments have caused the author to 

 speak of the method with greater reserve. It appears that the resistance con- 

 ferred by von Behring's method against subsequent intravenous injection with 

 tubercle bacilli declines quite rapidly and disappeai-s entirely toward the end 



