DISEASES OF PLANTS. 349 



given of a disease of currants and gooseberries in which the water conductive 

 tissues are plugged ity growths of the mycelium of a species of Verticillium. 



The American gooseberry mildew attacking red currants, E. S. Salmox 

 (Card. Chron., 3. so:, '/.i {VJOl), Xo. 1012, p. 26). — While investigating an out- 

 break of American gooseberry mildew (Spluvrotheca mors-tivw), the author 

 found that the fungus had spread to red currant bushes which were growing 

 intermixed with gooseberry bushes. This fact seems to show that the fungus 

 is capable of directly attacking and living on the red currant and does not 

 require time to accustom itself to this host. 



In addition the author mentions having observed the European gooseberiy 

 mildew ( Microsphwra (jro.ssuhirkc) occurring on red currant bushes. In this 

 case the mildew was not confined to the leaves, as is usually the case, but 

 occurred also upon the berries. 



Notes on some diseases of the grape, L. Ravaz (Bui. Mens. Off. Renseig. 

 Agr. [Parish, 6 (1907), Xu. 7, pi). 837, 838).— The author reports failure to dis- 

 cover the mycelium of Vncinula americana on the young shoots or on the bud 

 scales of the grape, where it is claimed the fungus passes the winter. He has 

 found it quite regularly within the dormant buds about the axis and among the 

 developing grapes within the buds. If the fungus normally winters in this way, 

 the failure to prevent the appearance of powdery mildew by the use of strong 

 washes on the dormant vine is explained. 



Court-noue, a destructive disease in central France, Italy, and Spain, the 

 cause of which has been attributed to various species of bacteria, fungi, etc., is 

 due, according to the author, to the action of late frosts upon the young shoots. 



Another disease of grapes, to which the name apoplexy is given, is caused by 

 Polifponis it/iiarius and not by accidental and meteorological conditions. 



The injury of grape leaves through the application of fungicides, F. Muth 

 (Mitt. Dent. Weinbau Yer., 1 {1906), No. 1, pp. 9-18; abs. in Bot. Centhh, 105 

 (1907), Xo. 28, pp. 26, 27). — Attention is called to the injury of grape leaves due 

 to the use of heavy applications of Bordeaux mixture for the prevention of attacks 

 of downy mildew. Often the young leaves are entirely destroyed and the older 

 ones covered with small brown spots. The Reissling grapes appear especially 

 subject to Bordeaux mixture injury, while the American varieties seem more 

 resistant to weather conditions and to the injurious effect of the fungicide than 

 most European varieties. For the tender sorts spraying with 1 per cent Bor- 

 deaux mixture is recommended. 



The leaves and fruits of the apple are said to be subject to similar injury. 



Cocoanut bud rot, W. T. IIoene {Boh Oflc. Sec. Agr. Cuba, 3 {1907), No. 1, 

 pp 1-.5). — An account is given of investigations by the author on the bud rot of 

 cocoanut trees in different parts of Cuba. This disease has become quite de- 

 structive in certain groves, but it is believed that destroying the affected trees 

 by burning, if promptly done, will hold it in check. The author outlines a series 

 of investigations on this disease which he plans to take up. 



Leaf blight of the plane tree, W. A. Murrill {.Jour. N. Y. Bot. Gard., 8 

 {1907), No. 91, pp. l')7-16l, figs. 2). — An account is given of a serious fungus 

 disease which during the past season has caused the leaves and young twigs of 

 the plane or sycamore tree to change color and die as though scorched by fire. 

 This disease was quite conspicuous throughout the eastern part of the United 

 States during the past season, and is attributed to the fungus Olceosporium 

 ncrvi.scqinim. The mycelium of the fungus lives within the leaves and twigs, 

 the fruiting portions appearing in brown patches on the twigs or leaves that 

 have been killed. Both the American and Old World species of sycamore 

 are subject to attack, but the effects of the fungus are ordinarily not lasting, 

 except in the case of trees already weakened by disease or starvation. 



