ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 453 



various other si)ecies of that genus. The life history ami food plauts of eat-h 

 species are discussed. A table is given for the identification of the species. 



Omiodes may be destroyed by spraying young cane plants with arseuicals 

 or by hand picking. The life history and economic importance of various 

 parasites of Omiodes are discussed. 



Papers on deciduous fruit insects and insecticides. The pear thrips, 

 D. MouLTON ([/. *S'. Dei)t. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 68, pt. 1, pp. 16, pis. 2, figs. H).— 

 Euthrips pyri has caused serious damage to deciduous fruit trees in the Santa 

 Clara Valley and San Francisco Bay counties for the past 2 or 3 years. It 

 attacks the buds of peach, apricot, pear, prune, cherry, apple, and other trees, 

 causing perhaps most injury to pears. The adult thrips appear in February 

 and March and disappear about the middle of May. From that time until the 

 next spring the insect lives in the soil at a depth of about 4 or 5 in. 



The eggs are deposited in the blossoms, stems, leaf petioles, and leaf veins, 

 and as soon as the young hatch they feed upon the tender parts of the leaves. 

 A technical description is given of the insect in its different stages. 



In combating this pest contact insecticides have been found effective upon the 

 exposed thrips, but soon after spraying the trees appear to be reinfested from 

 thrips which were not touched by the spray and from other sources. It is be- 

 lieved that a thorough cultivation of the soil will destroy a considerable i)er- 

 centage of the larvae and nymphs. The thrips are preyed upon by a few pre- 

 daceous enemies and are also attacked by a parasitic fungus belonging to the 

 genus Cladosporium. 



Papers on deciduous fruit insects and insecticides. The spring canker- 

 worm, A. L. QuAiNTANCE ( C/. 8. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 68, pt. 2, pp. 17-22, 

 i)ls. 2). — The spring cankerworm causes the almost total defoliation of orchards 

 in certain localities. For controlling this pest it is recommended on the basis 

 of demonstration experiments that infested orchards be sjirayed with Paris 

 green (1 lb. in 100 gal. of water) or arsenate of lead ((> to 10 lbs. in 100 gal. of 

 water). If the Paris green is not used in Bordeaux mixture, 5 or 6 lbs. of lime 

 should be added for each 100 gal. of water. Moreover the soil about the trees 

 should be thoroughly cultivated in summer, and some benefit may be expected 

 from the use of sticky bands on the trunks of the trees. 



Papers on deciduous fruit insects and insecticides. The trumpet leaf- 

 miner of the apple, A. L. Quaintance (U. S. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 68, 

 pt. 3, pp. 23-30, pi. 1, fig. 1). — Tischcria nuillfolicUa is described in all its stages, 

 and notes are given on its history and distribution. The insect has been re- 

 ported on apple, haw, crab, raspberry, etc. The author did not observe it on 

 blackberry. 



There ate two broods annually. The insect is distributed from South Caro- 

 lina .to Canada. A number of parasites attack the pest. Badly infested leaves 

 fall prematurely. The insect may be i)artly controlled by plowing the ground 

 in spring and by spraying with a 12-1.^) per cent kerosene emulsion. 



Papers on deciduous fruit insects and insecticides. The lesser peach 

 borer, A. A. Girault ( U. S. Dcpt. Agr., Bur. Ent. Bui. 68, pt. ^, pp. 31-Ji8, pi. 

 1, fig. 1). — This insect, although described in ISOS, has not been considered an 

 importiint pest until recent years. It occurs on both wild and cultivated plums 

 and cherries, Juneberry, beach [)lum, chestnut, and peach, showing a preference 

 for the peach. The insect is distributed from Canada to Florida and to the Pa- 

 cific Coast, but appears to be most injurious to peaches in New Jersey, New 

 York, Virginia, Ohio, Georgia, and Maryland. 



The lesser peach borer passes the vv^inter in the larval condition under the 

 bark. The moths appear in March and April, dei)osit their eggs soon after- 

 wards, and the young penetrate through the crevices of the bark. There are 2 



