47(1 EXPERIMENT STATION RECOItD. 



Iieriuients i-eporled in this jjaper 12 species of acid-resistant bacteria were used 

 in incjcnlatin^ laboratory animals for the i)nrpose of coijiparing the lesions thus 

 produced in the udder with those which occur in tuberculous infection. 



When laboratory aiunials were inoculated in the udder with human tubercle 

 bacilli a mamuutis appeared on the fifth or sixth day and became most pro- 

 nounced on the eighth to the tenth day. The acid-resistant bacteria on the 

 other hand produced a mammitis much more quickly, but the disease while more 

 intense persisted not longer than 9 days. Moreover, the tubercle bacillus pro- 

 duced a suppurative and ulcerative mammitis accompanied with swelling of 

 the glands while these symptoms were absent in the apjiarently benign form of 

 mammitis produced by acid-resistant bacteria. 



Recent work on tuberculosis, T. Kitt {Monatsh. Prakt. Tierheilk., IS {1907), 

 Aos'. S-0, ptJ. SHo-Jill ; 10, 1)1). Ji'i5-.^5Jf). — A general sununary is presented of the 

 more important recent literature relating to the problem of tiiberculosis in 

 animals and man, with particular reference to the types of tubercle bacilli ob- 

 served in different animals, the possibilities of intertransmission, and recent 

 work in vaccination. 



Experimental tuberculosis in the guinea pig, A. Calmette, C. Guerin, and 

 M. Bretoiv (Ann. JnM. Pasteur, 21 (1907), Xo. 6, pp. J, 01-J, 1 6). —When either 

 young or adult guinea pigs are fed virulent tubercle bacilli in a fine emulsion, 

 infection invariably takes place. The lesions which develop after such a 

 method of infection are ordinarily in the ganglions or lungs and seldom affect 

 the abdonunal organs. Occasionally lesions develop along the trachea. Tuber- 

 cle bacilli killed by heat or by maceration in alcohol, and bacilli dein-ived of 

 their waxy membrane, are still toxic for guinea pigs when taken into the ali- 

 mentary tract. 



If tubercle bacilli are killed by chemical substances or Hy heat and absorbed 

 Ity the alimentary tract in minute doses and at sufticiently long intervals they 

 confer a remarkable power of resistance toward infection with virulent tuber- 

 cle bacilli. These effects were produced by using tubercle bacilli macerated for 

 10 days in an autoclave at a temperature of 37° ('. in water containing 10 per 

 cent of salt, or bacilli similarly treated with (iram's fluid, or bacilli subjected 

 to a temperature of 100° (\ for 10 minutes. 



Transmission of tuberculosis in cases where the udder is affected, Witt 

 {lierlin.- Ticnirztl. Wchnschr.. IH07. Xo. 2-J, p. Ifi'l). — A cow, which upon ex- 

 amination after slaughtering showed evidence of general infection with tuber- 

 culosis with a pronounced lesion in the udder, had been used in furnishing 

 milk for a family. In an examination of the family by a physician it was 

 found that one of the children was affected with tuberculous lymphatic glands, 

 believed by the author to be the direct result of drinking tuberculous milk. 



A new method of experimental diagnosis of tuberculosis, H. Vall6e 

 (Compt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris]. IJ,Jf {1907), So. 2Ji, pp. iJS5-i 385). —The 

 author reports that If tuberculin be rubbed into scarifications of the skin a 

 circular swelling appears around the spot within 36 hours. If the reaction is 

 intense the swelling resembles the verrucose lesions of tuberculosis on the 

 human skin. In drying, the swellings produce epidermal scales. 



The penetration of the tubercle bacillus through the skin, .1. Courmont 

 and Lesieub {Compt. Rend. Soc. Biol. [Paris]. 62 {1907), No. 22, pp. It.'fS- 

 ]tJf.5). — In experiments with guinea i)igs, rabbits, and calves, the author found 

 that the tubercle bacillus could penetrate the apparently intact skin and in 

 almost all instances did so after the skin had been shaved over the area upon 

 which the tubercle bacilli were rubbed. Infectitm produced in this way led to 

 local skin lesions in some cases and in other cases produced the generalized 

 form of the diseutse without showing any effect upon the skiu. The cutaneous 



