FORESTRY. 545 



Tlie cultivation oftSe manna tree (Rev. Sci. [Paris], 5. sen, 7 {1901), No. 

 10, pp. 313, 31. 'f). — This is a briof account of the cultivation of the manna tree 

 {Fra.viiius ornus) in Italy, which originally appeared in a bulletin of the French 

 chamber of commerce in Milan. This tree is said to flourish on dry and rocky 

 soils where other forest trees grow with difficulty, and to be useful in the i-e- 

 afforestation of dry slopes and calcareous sandy soils. 



The extraction of the manna commences about the tenth year and continues 

 for the next 10 or 15 years, when the tree is cut back and allowed to grow for 6 

 or 7 years, after which the manna is extracted for the next 10 or 15 years. This 

 operation is repeated until the tree is from 80 to 100 years old, when the tree 

 is no longer tapped. The manna is extracted by means of horizontal incisions 

 in the trunk, and upon coming to the air solidifies and adheres to the tree. It 

 is sold in the crude state for from 1 to 4 francs per kilogram, depending upon 

 the quality. Manna is sold principally in the form of mannite, of which about 

 37 parts per 100 is derived under crude processes from the manna at a cost of 

 about 337 francs per hundred kilograms, the product selling for 700 francs per 

 hundred kilograms. 



Forest planting in Connecticut, 1907, A. F. Hawes {Forestry and Irrig., 

 13 {1907), Xo. 9, pp. 493, -}.'''/). — Summarized data are given of the forest plant- 

 ing operations in Connecticut in the spring of 1907. As a result of the offer 

 of the State to sell stock at cost, plantings were made by a large number of 

 private owners. In all, 350,000 seedlings were planted by the State, private 

 owners, and corporations in the sjiring of 1007 as compared with 100,000 seed- 

 lings in the spring of 1906. 



Report of work accomplished at the reservation and experiment station 

 to December 1, 1905 {Ann. Rpt. Ind. Bd. Forestry, I] {1906), pp. 17-32, figs. 

 8). — This is an account of the various features of equipment and recent im- 

 provements at the State forest reservation and experimental station at Ilenry- 

 ville, Ind., together with a discussion of the sylvicultural investigations under 

 way. 



The one thing most sought by the board is the demonstration of growing the 

 known valuable commercial forest trees natural to Indiana. The experiments 

 being conducted in natural reafforestation have thus far been very satisfactory. 



Forest planting in Indiana, B. W. Douglass {Ann. Rpt. Ind. Bd. Forestry, 

 6 {1906), pp. 85-122, figs. 29). — Information is here given relative to recent 

 forest plantings in Indiana, together with such conclusions and suggestions as 

 are deemed advisable to secure the best results from forest plantings in the 

 future. The article is well illustrated. 



Forest planting in eastern Nebraska, F. G. Miller {Bui. Nebr. State Hort. 

 Soc, Xo. 12, pp. 32). — This bulletin has been previously published as a circular 

 of the Forest Service of this Department and has been noted (E. S. R., 18, p. 

 640). 



Forest laws [Massachusetts], F. W. Rane {Boston, 1907, pp. X+39, figs. 3).-~ 

 For the purpose of acquainting the public with the forest laws of Massachu- 

 setts, the author presents the various enactments in booklet form. The laws 

 given pertain to the official powers, duties, etc., of the State forester and forest 

 wardens, punishable offenses and damages for injuring forest lands, the lia- 

 bility, powers, and duties of raili-oads, town appropriations, public domain 

 plantations exempt from taxation, and the gipsy moth and insect pests. 



Those laws relative to trees in the highways, streets, parks, and forests that 

 border the public thoroughfares are designated as " tree warden acts," and are 

 not here discussed. 



Prolonging the life of mine timbers, J. M. Nelson {U. S. Dept. Agr., Forest 

 Serv. Circ. Ill, pp. 22, figs. 8). — In this circular the results are given of a series 



