METEOROLOGY — WATER. 617 



Precipitation in the Letzlingen moor, J. Schubert {Zischr. Forst u. Jagdw., 

 39 {1901), A'o. S, pp. 509-513, p(/. 1; ahs. in t^ciciice, n. scr., 26 {1901), No. 668, 

 p. 511). — "It is pointed out tliat of seventeen stations in forest, on the forest 

 edge, and in the open, the forest stations show a greater precipitation (1901- 

 1905), and the stations in the open show the least. Corrections for snowfall 

 and for difference in the exposure of the gages as regards wind, amount to 5.5 

 per cent ; the observed difference in catch being 5.2 per cent. It thus appears 

 that, as has previously been the case when the conditions of forest rainfall have 

 been critically examined, the probability of error is about equal to the apparent 

 difference in the amount of precipitation." 



The rainfall in the Philippines, M. Saderra Maso {Manila: Dcpt. Int., 

 Weather Bur., 1901, pp. 32). — This report gives detailed data for the amount 

 and distribution of rainfall in dift'erent parts of the Philippine Archipelago. 

 The data I'ecorded show that the rainfall is as a rule high but very variable in 

 distribution. 



" In respect to rainfall three different climates can be distinguished in these 

 islands : 



" The first, and worst of them, has two well-defined seasons, wet and dry. 

 This climate prevails in those regions which during the summer months re- 

 ceive more than 80 per cent of the annual rainfall, and consequently have 

 5 rainy mouths and practically 7 of drought. Such regions are those facing 

 the China Sea, the low plains extending northward and eastward from Manila 

 Bay, the moderately high and hilly lands surrounding these plains, and the part 

 of the provinces of Luzon facing the southern seas with mountains to the north. 

 The same climate is found also in some valleys and plateaus extending along 

 the central mountain range of Luzon, as Baguio (1,456 meters above sea level). 



"The second climate consists of 8 or 9 months of rain and only 4 or 3 months 

 of drought, the percentage of rainfall being high during both the summer and 

 winter season. This climate prevails in the eastern and southeastern parts of 

 Luzon and in the central Visayas, where the northeasters blow almost without 

 any obstacle. 



" Finally, the third and best climate is that which results from a fairly eveij 

 distribution of the rainfall over the whole year, and consequently shows a quite 

 uniform percentage for the three different sasons, summer and autumn, winter, 

 and spring mouths. This climate is found south of the fourteenth parallel 

 only, being enjoyed by some regions of southeastern Luzon, the eastern Visayas, 

 Mindanao, and Jolo. The westeni part of Mindanao, as is shown by the 

 records of Zamboanga, is the region of the whole Archipelago which receives 

 the smallest amount of annual rainfall ; but this deficiency is largely counter- 

 balanced by a fairly regular distribution, so much so, that the tropical climate 

 of Zamboanga is considered as one of the best in the Archipelago." 



Composition of Barbados rainfall, J. P. d'Albuquerque and J. R. Bovell 

 {Rpt. Afjr. Work Barbados, Imp. Dept. Agr. West Indies, 1904-1906, pts. 1-2, 

 p. 3). — The amount and composition (chlorin and nitrogen content) of the rain- 

 fall from Deceu}ber, 1904, to May, 1906, are tabulated. The total rainfall for 

 that period was 54.41 in., supplying approximately 303.5 lbs. of chlorin and 

 11.55 lbs. of nitrogen per acre. Much the larger proportion of the nitrogen 

 carried down l)y the rainfall was in the form of nitrates. 



A contribution to the study of evaporation from water surfaces, J. R. Sut- 

 ton {8ci. Proc. Roy. Diihlin Soc, n. ser., 11 {1901), No. 13, pp. 131-118, pi. 1).— 

 This paper reports a continuation of studies on the subject by the author, 

 and deals with experiments made under the natural meteorological conditions 

 of the South African table-land, " that is to say, under the ()i)en sky or in 

 louvered screens, the water surfaces being warmed or cooled by contact with 



