618 EXPEKIMENT STATION KECORD. 



the air aloue." Records obtained witli a Piche atmometer, ou metal tanks, and 

 from vessels placed at the bottom of heavy metal tubes are discussed with ref- 

 erence to the influence of varying conditions on evaporation. The Piche 

 atmometer showed an evaporation of 84.48 in. per year at Kimberley ; the 

 evaporation from a screened metal tub 14 in. in diameter and 18 in. deep was 

 65.94 in. 



Surface water supply of [different regions of the United States], 1906 

 {U. 8. Geol. Survey, Water-t<upij1u anil Irri<j. Pupcrs Xos. 207, pp. V + 9'/, pis. Jf, 

 figs. 2; 208 pp. TI + 190, pis. 5, figs. 2; 209, pp. IV + 79, pis. 2, figs. 2; 210, 

 pp. 11 Jf, pis. 2, figs. 2). — These bulletins contain reports in the usual form on the 

 progress of stream measurements in Upper Mississippi River and Hudson Bay 

 Drainages, by A. H. Hortou and R. Follansbee ; Missouri River Drainage, by 

 R. Follansbee, R. I. Meeker, an^ J, E. Stewart ; Lower Western Mississippi 

 River Drainage, by R. I. Meeker and J. M. Giles; and Western Gulf of Mexico 

 and Rio Grande Drainages, by T. U. Taylor and W. A. Lamb. 



Geolog'y and water resources of the Bighorn basin, Wyoming, C. A. 

 Fisher (U. >S. Geol. Hurvry Prof. Paper No. 53, pp. VI -f 72, pis. 16, fig. 1). — 

 "This paper is the' result of field work done during the seasons of 11)04 and ]9()5. 

 It is designed mainly to furnish information regarding geologic structure and 

 the prospects for underground water. ... A general account of the surface 

 waters is given, including a statement of their present and proposed uses for 

 irrigation, and the economic products of a geologic nature are also described. 

 The region considered comprises the Bighorn basia, a part of the Clark Fork 

 basin, and the slopes of the adjoining mountain ranges, the entire area com- 

 prising 8,500 square miles." 



Underground waters, P. Ototzki {Triidui Opuitn. Lyesn., 1906, No. 4; abs. 

 in Zhur. Opuitn. Agron. [Russ. Jour. E.rpt. Land^c.^, 8 {1907)^, No. 3, pp. 

 339-3.il). — The author gives a detailed account of his observations extending 

 over a number of years on the influence of forests on ground water. These ob- 

 servations were carried out systematically in typical regions in different parts 

 of Russia. The observations on the fluctuations in the level of the ground 

 water were made in series of wells in areas covered by forests and in open land 

 of the same character adjacent to the forests. 



The main conclusions reached are that during the period of growth the level 

 of the first horizon of ground water is much lower in forests than in adjoining 

 open land, and that this lowering of the water lev<;l in the forest soil is due to 

 the active transpiration of the forest growth. It was observed also that the 

 lowering of the water level in the forest caused a lowering in the adjacent 

 open land, that is, there was a flow of water from the open field to the forest 

 soil. It therefore appears that forests not only do not accumulate stores of 

 moisture in the subsoil but rapidly dissipate the moisture of the soil and in 

 some cases draw upon the ground water of adjacent open land. The depressing 

 power of the forest growth is at times so great that it masks and even over- 

 comes the hydrological action of other factors. 



The report presents not only the author's observations, but also summarizes 

 the results of experiments and observations by other investigators. 



The utility of hydrological investigations from the agricultural stand- 

 point, R. d'Andeimont {Joui\ Soc. Cent. Agr. Belg., 5Jt {1907), No. 9-10, pp. 

 2Jf3-261, figs. 12). — The application of such investigations in the improvement 

 of soils by irrigation, drainage, etc., and in providing a suflacient supply of 

 potable water, is discussed. 



Investigations on water, A. J. J. Vandevelde (Separate from Bui. Serv. 

 Surveill, Fabric, et Com. Denrees Aliment., 1907, pp. 8-i6).— This is a classified 

 list of general treatises and reports on investigations on water published during 



