684 ■ EXPEEIMENT STATION RECORD. 



A leucocytosis appears during the progress of tuberculosis, but just before 

 deatla from this disease tlie number of leucocytes falls below normal as a result 

 of the action of toxins in the blood. The relative importance of different kinds 

 of leucocytes is not changed during tuberculosis. Tuberculin also causes 

 leucocytosis even in healthy cattle, with an increase in the number of eosin- 

 ophilous cells. Leucocytosis in tuberculosis or after tuberculin injection is 

 I;elieved to be due to the elevation of body temi^erature. The animal is con- 

 siderably protected by the increase in the number of leucocytes. 



Johne's disease in cattle, J. T. ANgwin {Vet. Rcc, 20 (1907), No. 093, pp. 

 30-3S). — Johne's disease seems to be on the increase in England. The symp- 

 toms are those of diarrhea, which persists sometimes for IS months, especially 

 if the cows are on pasture. The best remedies are sedatives mixed with 

 wheat flour. The disease is often mistaken for tuberculosis, but the tuber- 

 culin test will give a differential diagnosis. Tannic acid, subnitrate of bismuth, 

 and liquor arsenicalis give good results in Johne's disease but not in tuber- 

 culosis. The lesions of the disease are very slight, perhaps the most conspic- 

 uous being a thickening of the intestinal walls. The lymphatic glands appear 

 iiormal to the naked eye but may be enlarged. There is no intestinal ulcera 

 tion. Infection seems to come with the food. 



Mammary hematomata and mam.m.itis, P. Braxjn {WchnscJn: TicrhcUl-. u. 

 Viehzucht, 51 (1901), No. 30, pp. 581-58Ji). — The symptoms qf mammitis are de- 

 scribed with particular reference to a case which I'esulted from a bruise upon 

 the udder. An extensive blood clot and hematoma were formed. The milk from 

 the affected quarter of the udder was at first dark brown and later dirty white. 

 At the beginning of the inHaumiatory condition the fat content of the milk rose 

 to 7 per cent but later fell to the normal. Antiseptic salves and the internal use 

 of potassium iodid brought about a recovery. 



Coma and paralysis in cattle not always milk fever, (i. E. Gibson ( Vet. Rec, 

 20 {1901), No. 995, pp. 7'/, 15). — Clinical notes are given on a disease which 

 affected 6 heifers and 1 steer. The steer and one of the heifers died while the 

 others recovered. The heifers had never been bred, but the udders showed much 

 inflammation and contained considerable milk. The symptoms resembled those 

 of milk fever. 



Unsuccessful coenurus operation, Duetscii {Wclinsclir. Tiertieilk. ii. VieJi- 

 ::ucht, 51 {1901), No. 28, pp. 5-'i3-5.'t5). — In one instance of gid in a steer the blad- 

 der worm could not be located by percussion of the skull. The skull was tre- 

 panned and one bladder found, but all parts of the worm could not be extracted. 

 It became necessary to slaughter the steer on the next day when it was found 

 that there was a second bladder worm on the other side of the brain. 



Cattle dipping' in arsenite of soda (Natal Agr. Jour, and Min. Rcc, 10 (1901), 

 No. G, pp. 629, 630). — It is reported that the systematic dipping of cattle at the 

 rate of 5 lbs. per 100 gals, of water practically freed a badly infested farm from 

 Auihlyoiiwia hchnvufii and RhipiccphaUis decoloratus. 



Dehorning cattle, C. L. Willoughby (Georgia /S7a. Cir. 63, pp. 12, figs. 3). — 

 A general account is given of the benefits which accrue from the hornless condi- 

 tion of cattle, particularly dairy cows, and the results obtained by various inves- 

 tigators in dehorning cattle and in determining the loss in weight and milk flow 

 from the operation are summarized. 



The methods commonly used in dehorning cattle are carefully described. 

 These include the use of caustic potash on the horn buttons of calves and the 

 removal of the horns of adult cattle by means of dehorning clippers or the saw. 

 It is wise to select as the time for dehorning adult cattle a season when the tem- 

 perature may not be at extremes. Bad results from dehorning may be largely 

 prevented by the use of suitable antiseptic solutions applied to the wounds. The 



