VETERINAEY MEDICINE. 687 



fectious anemia of horses iu Germauy is outlined together with notes on a 

 'number of cases observed by the author. A considerable amount of virus is 

 necessary to produce infection. An occasional wisp of contaminated hay or 

 forage may be eaten with impunity. 



In controlling the disease it is necessary to have regard for the quality of 

 the water and feed. Horses brought in from outside sources should be care- 

 fully inspected and diseased animals must be isolated. The symptoms are 

 weakness, inanition, paleness of the mucous membranes, diminution of the red 

 blood corpuscles, fever, and eilema of the skin. The excretions of diseased 

 animals are virulent. Infection takes place through the alimentary tract. 



Does blackleg occur in horses? R. Ostektag {Ztschr. Infcctionskraiik. u. 

 Hyg. Hausticre, 3 (l!^i07), Xo. 1-2, pp. 9.5-100). — Supposed cases of blackleg 

 in horses were examined with the result that no blackleg bacilli but rather 

 pseudo-blackleg bacilli were found. No evidence was obtained to support the 

 supposition that blackleg may affect horses. 



Equine malaria. P. Peebucci (Clin. Tet. [Milan]. Scz. Sci.. 30 {1901), Xo. -}. 

 pp. 1.59-1S.5. pis. 2\. — This disease is widely distributed about Rome and occurs 

 under various forms. Petechife appear on the conjunctiva and on the pituitary 

 and oral mucous membranes. Vesicles appear on the lips soon after the begin- 

 ning of the disease. Equine malaria may be transmitted directly by injections 

 of the blood of affected horses. The period of incubation is usually 5 or 6 days. 

 Ordinarih' fever precedes by 2 or 3 days the api>earance of hemoglobinuria. 



Skin and eye reaction to mallein, A. Putzeys and T. Stiexxon {Compt. 

 Rrnih .Soc. Biol. [Paiis], 63 (1907), Xo. 27, pp. 2^-5, 246). — ^A serious outbreak 

 (if glanders in army horses gave an occasion for testing the skin and eye re- 

 action to mallein. Mallein was instilled into the eye or rubbetl into skin 

 abrasions. Of 6 horses which received mallein in the eye only 3 showeil a slight 

 redness of the conjunctiva. Almost no reaction was obtained iu scarifications of 

 the skin. These methods, therefore, appear to iiossess little or no diagnostic 

 value. 



Purulent and gaseous material in the guttural pouches of horses. !>. 

 Berxardixi (Clin. Vet. [Mihiii]. :S'::. Prat.. 30 (1907). Xo. 2S. pp. .JJ.i-.J.;8. pg><. 

 2). — This trouble is not common in horses. The author describes the anatomy 

 of the guttural ixiuches and gives details of one case in which they be<_-ame enor- 

 ously enlarged as a result of infection with bacteria which prcKluce pus and gas. 

 Curative serum for tetanus, Heueb (Ztschr. Ycteriiiark., 19 (1907), Xo. 

 S-9. pp. 3o9-.k!6). — From the literature of the subjec-t statistics are given on 

 the results obtained from the use of tetanus antitoxin in several thousand cases 

 in horses. In general this treatment has proved to be of little value, since the 

 symptoms of the disease can not be recognized soon enough. Protec-tive vacci- 

 natiiai is rei-ommendeil in all cases of siu'gical or accidental wounds in regions 

 where tetanus prevails. Antitoxin for curative jnirposes, however, has been 

 fojuul too exi>ensive and too uncertain in results. 



Vaccinating mules against horse sickness, Rickmaxx (ArcJi. Wixs. »/. Prakt. 

 Ticrlicilk., 33 (1907). Xo. -}-o, pp. 372-^20). — Mules in South Africa ai-e as sus- 

 ceptible as horses to this disease. Several mules were immunizetl Viy gradually 

 increasing doses of virulent blc^d. Serum fi'om these immune mules gsive ex- 

 cellent results in protecting susceptible mules against the disease. It is recom- 

 mended that mules be vaccinated at a season when horse sickness does not nat- 

 urally prevail. It is jiossible that the passive immunity produced by serum will 

 not prove s;ttisfactory. in which case resort must be had to a methtxl of active 

 immunity. Probablv the same method will be successful with horses. 



