690 



EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 

 Cost per 2-fnot length of J.j-iiicli i>iii<\ 



Cement- 

 sand. 



Cement- 

 lime-sand. 



Cement, at $i.50 per bbl 



Cement, hauling 7 miles 



Lime, at $13 per ton, delivered '.. 



Sand, no cl^arge 



Water, no charge 



Labor, foreman, $2 per day; 2 laborers, at $1.25 per day. 

 Wash of neat cement 



.568 

 .035 



Cost per 2-foot length. 

 Cost per linear foot-— 

 Cost per mile 



.112 

 .080 



2, 032. J 



$0.37.') 

 .023 

 .058 



.568 



.284 



1,499.520 



On the basis of the value of water hi Arizona it is computed that the carrying 

 of water in underground pipes rather than in open ditches will yield a large re- 

 turn on the cost of pipe. 



Sand-clay and burnt-clay roads, W. L. Spoon ( U. .S. Dept. Agr., Farmers' 

 3ul. 311, pp. 22, figs. 5). — This has been noted from another source (E. S. R., 

 18, p. 485). 



RURAL ECONOMICS. 



The unproductive farm {TJ. »s'. Dcpt. Agr., Offiee Sec. Circ. 2.7. pp. 8). — This 

 is an address by the Secretary of Agriculture at a conA-ention called by the 

 Chamber of Commerce, Syracuse, X. Y., in October, lUOT. 



A more economic use of the soil, the maintenance of pastures, i-otation of 

 crops, liberal use of fertilizers, the culture of croi)s adapted to jiarticular 

 regions, and the planting of naturally poor lands with trees are the chief 

 suggestions made to impro\e present farm condltictns. 



Is New York agriculture decadent? ^y. H. Jordax ( A . )'. Tribune Farmer, 

 6 (1907), Xo. 313, pp. 2, 3). — This is an address delivered before the Syracuse 

 Chamber of Commerce in October, 1007, by the director of the New York Agri- 

 cultural Experiment Station. 



The author calls attention to the diminished number of farms in the State,' 

 the decrease in value of farm property, the falling off of rural population, and 

 the decreasing percentage of farms worked by owners according to the census 

 returns. Nothwithstanding these facts the claim is made that, on account of 

 changed agricultural conditions during the past half century, the agricultural 

 tendency in the State of New York has been upward, resulting in a constantly 

 increasing production of wealth in dairy products, fruits, vegetables, flowers, 

 and plants. 



In the author's opinion the probjems relating to agriculture in New York are 

 sociological and educational rather than economic, in the solving of which the 

 State government ought to i)lay an increasing part in the future. '* The pi'ob- 

 lem is socially to integrate the country homes," and road improvement, better 

 rural schoolhouses. and a broader rural education are advocated as means to 

 this end. 



Abandoned farms, G. H. Webb (Ann. Rpt. Comr. Indus. Statis. R. I., 20 

 (1906), pt. 3, pp. 1-187). — In an account of Rhode Island industries and indus- 

 trial opportunities, descriptive notes are given of the size, character, location, 

 and assessed valuation of abandoned farms. The total number in 1006 located 

 in 25 counties is .328. 



The Italian on the land: a study in immigration. Emily F. Meade (Bur. 

 of Labor [U. 8.] Bui. 10, pp. -'il3~')33). — This paper discusses the economic, 

 social, and mural condition of the Italians of a tyi)ical rural settlement at 



