HORTICULTURE. 739 



system omployod nnd tho strongtli of the vino. In the renewal system the frnit- 

 iug canes are grown either vertically or obliqnely, while in the other systems 

 the canes are trained horizontally. 



With the view to observing the natural fruiting habit, as well as the effect of 

 pruning and training, at least one cane of each variety was left unpruned. The 

 unpruned canes were from 44 nodes long in the case of Concord, to 72 nodes 

 long in the case of Delaware. A table is given showing the total number 

 of buds, their location, and fruitage on the unpruned canes included in the 

 study. Concord and Niagara failed to produce good fruiting laterals. With the 

 Delaware the average weight of the bunches on the laterals was slightly 

 greater than on the main cane, whereas in Brighton the bunches produced on 

 the main cane were three times as heavy as on the laterals. 



A table is given showing the best yields from a single cane of each variety, 

 both unpruned and pruned. With only one variety, the Concord, was the total 

 weight of fruit greater on the pruned cane than on the unpruned. The aver- 

 age weight of the bunches, however, was much greater in all cases on the 

 pruned canes than on the uupnmed. On the unpruned canes much of the 

 fruiting wood died after maturing the crop. The conclusion is reached that 

 table grapes should be pruned every year in order to make the crop profitable, 

 since the single bunches are thus made heavier and the strength of the vine 

 is less apt to be depleted by overbearing. 



An effort was made to determine the weight of the fruit produced by each 

 bud on the pruned canes, counting from the base of the cane upward. The 

 number and location of all bunches of fruit on 37 vines were recorded when the 

 berries first formed, and each bunch of mature fruit was weighed and recorded 

 separately in order to show the total number of bunches from each bud. The 

 results are tabulated and discussed. With all the varieties the base bud gave 

 the lightest weight of fruit, and in each case the yield from the third bud was 

 greater than that from the second. Arranging the buds in groups of three up 

 to the twelfth node, it was found that Concord gave the best yield from buds 

 4 to 6, Niagara from buds 7 to 9, Delaware from buds 7 to 9, and Brighton 

 from buds 7 to 9. With the exception of Concord, the average yield of the first 

 6 buds was less than that of the second or outer G buds. From this it is con- 

 cluded that Concord is better adapted to the short-spur system of pruning and 

 training than the other varieties named, although it is suggested that the num- 

 ber of spurs per vine should be reduced and the length of the spur increased 

 to at least G buds. In long-cane systems horizontal training is considered pref- 

 eVable to upright or diagonal training, as the lower buds of the cane are 

 thereby better nourished. The experiment is to be continued and the present 

 results are regarded merely as tentative. 



The influence of grafting- on the quality of wines, J. Capus (Prog. Agr. et 

 Vit. (Ed. VEst), ^8 il!)07), Nos. 37, pp. 315-327; 38, pp. 345-356; 39, pp. 383- 

 386). — In the reconstruction of vineyards in the department of Gironde which 

 were destroyed by phylloxera, several kinds of American vines were used as 

 graft stocks upon which were grafted Aarious scions taken from the native 

 vines formerly in the vineyard. The author has made an extensive investiga- 

 tion for the purpose of determining whether the grafting of these scions from 

 the native vines upon the foreign species has altered, ameliorated, or simply 

 reproduced the various characteristics of the French grapes of Gironde with re- 

 gard to bouquet, color, alcohol and acid content, etc. This study includes an 

 examination of experimental results secured and analyses made at the Haut- 

 Gardere experimental field by Messrs. Ricard, Verdie, and Bord, as well as in- 

 vestigations made in other parts of the department. 



34157— No. 8—08 i 



