FORESTRY. 749 



elm fuvnisheil more than one-fifth of the total number of staves, with pine and 

 reti srum ranking next. Ash staves showed the hijrhest average value, $7.40 per 

 thousiind. Pine is the wood ohietiy employetl in the manufacture of heading, 

 followed by elm. red gum. basswood. and beech. Elm is useil chietly for hoops, 

 although considerable quantities of ash, oak, and birch are also useil. 



At present slack-stave production is Siiid to center more in the northern and 

 eastern States than iu the southern States. The more imixn-taut States pro- 

 ducing heading are Virginia, Michigan, Illinois, Maryland, and Missouri. Ap- 

 proximately five-sixths of the hoops reportetl were proilucetl iu Ohio, Michigan, 

 Indiana. Missouri, Teunesset\ and Arkansas. 



Production of tight cooperage stock in 1906 (V. S. Dcpt. .{{jr.. Forest Serv. 

 Circ. 12.). /(/>. i,>). — Tabular statistics prepared by the P.ureau of the Census 

 in conjunction with the Forest Service are given, showing the kinds, amounts, 

 classes, and value of tight barrel staves and heading protluceil by States in 190C. 

 Considerable comparative data for 1905 (E. S. R.. IS. p. 745) are also given. 



The total proiUiction of all kinds of tight barrel staves in liKXJ was 

 l.H>7.827.000. as compared with 241.103.000 for 1905. Of heading 17.774.375 sets 

 were produced in liXX>, as compared with 12,959,0(X>.sets in liH>5. 



Consumption of tanbark and tanning- extract in 1906 {U. S. Dcpt. Agr., 

 Forest Serr. Cire. 119. /)/>. .">. — Data coUtvted by the lUireau of the Census in 

 conjunction with the Forest Service show the consumption of tanbark for 1R10 

 by G17 tanneries to have been 1.371.342 cords. vaUunl at $12,774,071. or an 

 average value per cord of §J>.30. Hemlwk and oak were the principal kinds of 

 bark used, of which hemlock formeil about tA^o-thirds. In addition to the 

 bark. G5S,777 barrels of tanning extract were consumed, valuetl at $8,713,322. 

 Domestic exti"acts are manufactureii chiefly from chestnut, although consider- 

 able oak and hemlock are useil. Quebracho, an importeii wood extract, con- 

 stitute*! the largest amount of any one kind usetl. exceetling chestnut extract 

 by about 10.0<X1 barrels, and in value by over $2.50O.(M)O. 



Detaileii tabulateil data are given showing the quantity and value of tan- 

 bark and tanning extract of all kinds consumeil by States, as well as the amount 

 of tanning material in\iM»rteil in IIKH). 



Wood used for distillation in 1906 (T. -S. Dept. Agr.. Forest Serr. Cire. 

 121, pp. 7). — This circular contains statistical data collected by the Bureau of 

 the Census in conjunction with the Forest Service, showing the kind, amount, 

 and value of hardwoods and softw<.H)ds useii for distillation and distilled 

 products by States in 190C. 



The statistics of hardwood distillation were baseil on reports from 80 plants 

 and show a total consumption of 1.144.S1U; cords, valuetl at .$3,710,423. Beech, 

 maple, and birch are the principal woods useil, and :Michigau. I'ennsylvania, 

 and New York the princiinxl States distilling hardwo^xl. The principal protiucts 

 of hardwood distillation are charcoal, crude alcohol, gray and brown acetate, 

 tar. and oil. 



The quantity and value of softwocxls distilleil in 190C> are reportwl by 33 

 plants as 50,234 cords, valuetl at $12t>,;558. The principal woods usetl are the 

 southern pines, although oi)erations have been starteil with the Douglas fir 

 of the Pacific coast and the Norway pine of the Lake States. North Carolina. 

 South Carolina. Georgia. Florida, and Alabama are the i^rincipal softwood 

 distilling States, the chief products being turpentine, tar, oils, and charcoal. 



Only 780.222 gals, of wood alcohol were exix)rtetl in 1900. as compareil with 

 1.007.451 gals, in 1905. The average price per gallon increased from 55 cts. 

 iu 1905 to 59.S cts. in 190C. 



