DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING— AGROTECHNY. 779 



Milk. A. McGiLL {Lnh. Inland Rev. Dept. [Canada] Bui. 1J,2, pp. 38).— The 

 results of inspection of milk for the year 1907 are reported. Of .343 samples 

 examined, 282, or 82 per cent, were found genuine, a larger proportion than at 

 any previous inspection. From a summary of the data recorded in 17 publica- 

 tions of the inland revenue department issued during the past 20 years, the 

 inspector is of the opinion that a standard of 8.5 per cent fat and 12 per cent 

 solids " is a i-easonable one and can easily be made by any dairyman who pays 

 proper attention to his herd." 



The production and handling of clean milk, K. Winslow [New York, 1907, 

 pp. 207, pis. JS, //f/.s, '/.S). — This book is intended to provide a practical working 

 guide for those concerned in the production and distribution of clean, pure milk. 

 It gives details regarding feeding, housing, and caring for cows, and the hand- 

 ling of milk and cream. The relation of germs to the wholesomeness of milk 

 is considei-ed, and a section of the book devoted to milk inspection includes bac- 

 teriological and chemical tests according to recent technique. An appendix de- 

 scribes and illustrates barns, milk houses, utensils, and api»aratus, and a scheme 

 for control, supervision, and insjjection of city milk supi)lies is outlined. 



Ideal dairying, E. B. Voorhees (1907, pp. IJ/). — At the thirty-thii'd annual 

 meeting of the New .Jersey Sanitary Association at Atlantic City, N. ,7., October 

 1, 1907, the author presented a discussion of conditions to be considered in the 

 production of clean and healthful milk. In his opinion the question is very 

 largely a commercial one. 



The supply of milk for large cities, M. Beau (Rev. Hyg. et M(kl. Infant., 

 6 (1907), \o. 0-6, pp. .'),W-6.3.'i). — The author discusses various facts regarding 

 the production, handling, transportation, and distribution of the milk consumed 

 in large cities in different parts of the world. 



Turning cows out in winter, O. J. Iwaschkewitsch, ti-ans. by .T. Kaufmann 

 (Milch Ztg., 36 (1907), No. 49, pp. 579, 580).— During a period of 10 days in 

 November, in which they were turned out of doors for 3 hours each day, a 

 herd of 80 cows produced on the average per day 1,461 lbs. of milk and 58.8 

 lbs. of butter, whereas during the preceding 10 days, in which they were kept 

 the entire day in the stall, the same cows produced on the average but 1,349 lbs. 

 of milk per day and 50.G lbs. of butter. The general health and appetite of the 

 cows was improved by the i)eriod out of doors each day, and the author advises 

 dairymen to turn their cattle out in winter time. 



Covered milk pails, E. XJjiielyi (MilcJnv. Zenthl., 3 (1907), No. 12, pp. 526- 

 532, figs. 2). — In the average of 10 tests the number of bacteria per gram in 

 milk drawn into a covered pail was less than one-fifth of that in the milk drawn 

 into an open pail. Practically no difference was found in the number of bac- 

 teria in milk before and after filtering. 



The hygienic character of pasteurizing apparatus for the dairy, H. Weig- 

 MANN (MilcJiir. Zenthl., 3 (1907), No. 12. pp. J,?8-.7'/8, dgnis. o).— The different 

 reasons for pasteurizing milk are considered and the values of several kinds of 

 pasteurizing apparatus are compared. 



Third International Dairy Congress at The Hague, 1907 (AmMerdam, 

 1907, pp. .'i9). — The conclusions adopted at the final general meeting of the 

 Third International Dairy Congress at The Hague in 1907 are given in French, 

 Dutch, (ierman, and English. 



Investigations on dairy science and dairy practice in the year 1907, 

 I. semester, R. W. Raudnitz (Separate from Monatsschr. Kinderhcilk., 6 

 (1907). No. 6, PI). .'/.?). — An extensive list of references t(t the literature of the 

 subject is given, and the important results of the investigations are briefiy 

 reviewed. 



