856 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Leaf-spot diseases of ivy, 11. Diedicke {Venthl. Bahi. [rtc.]. 2. AJ)t., 19 

 (1907), No. .'i-6, pp. 108-175, pi. 1). — Descriptions are given of tlie diseases to 

 wliicli tiie cultivated ivy is subject, among them tliose due to I']iyllostictu 

 Jiedericola, P. hederacea, Vermicularia trichella, and Phoma sp. Tlae relations 

 of some of these fungi, as indicated by inoculation experiments, are discussed. 



Notes on the mildew and rust of roses, Noffray {Bui. Soc. Nat. Afjr. France, 

 67 {1907), No. 8, pp. 763-772). — A discussion is given of the mildew of roses 

 caused by HpJuerotheca pannosa and rose rust {Phrayiiiidhon .siibcorticmm). 

 These two diseases are said to be among the most troublesome to which the 

 rose is subject. For combating the mildew the author recommends pruning, 

 sulphuring, and siu'aying with lysol. For the rust he suggests attention to the 

 plants at the time when the iecidial stage of the rust is present, collecting and 

 destroying all diseased material, and spraying when necessary. The mildew 

 is said to be present on the roses throughout the growing season, but to be most 

 troublesome in the spring and fall of the year. 



Cryptosporium minimum n. sp. and frost injury of roses, K. Laubert 

 {CcHibl. Balct. [etc.], 2. Abt., 19 {1907), No. ^-6, pp. 163-168, figs. 3).— A dis- 

 ease of roses, caused by C. minhnuni n. sp., is described and figured. This 

 fungus is reported as attacking the stems of certain roses, causing discolored 

 canker-like spots 1 to 2 cm. in diameter. The author thinks the attack is asso- 

 ciated in some way with frost injury to the host plant, the fungus being only 

 partially iiarasitic. 



ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY— ENTOMOLOGY. 



A review of investigations in general biology, edited l)y Y. 1)ri,A(;e (Ann. 

 P,i()J. |/'a/-/.s|, 9 {I90'i), pp XXX-\-5l'i, ]i(iH. 3). — A review is given of the 

 most important literaturv- published during 1904 relating to the structure and 

 physiology of the cell, parthenogenesis, ontogenesis, regeneration, transplanta- 

 tion, general morphology, physiology, heredity, variation, origin of species, geo- 

 graphical distribution, and l)i()logical theories. 



Proceedings of the Fourth International Ornithological Congress, edited by 

 li. B. Sharpe {London, 1907, pp. 696, pis. IS, figs. 5).— The Fourth Interna- 

 tional Ornithological Congress was held in London, June 12-21, 11)05. The pro- 

 ceedings of this congress have been edited and appear in the present volume. 

 The subject-matter relates to all lines of ornithology including the collection of 

 birds for museums, the migration of birds, the aims of modern ornithology, 

 ornithological nomenclature, nesting habits of various birds, molting of birds, 

 bird protection, the feeding habits of birds, aviculture, descriptions of species, 

 and special discussions of limited groups of birds. 



J. L. Bonhote presents the results of experiments in hybridizing ducks (pp. 

 235-2G4). In these ex[)eriments 5 species and 2 genera of ducks were used and 

 nearly all crosses were perfectly fertile. The author proi)oses the terms trigen, 

 tetragen, peutageu, etc., for hybrids resulting from crossing 3, 4, or 5 species of 

 birds. 



The Rationale of Bird Protection is discussed by F. E. I>emon (pp. G13-629). 

 The diminution in the number of birds is considered as being due to the exten- 

 sion of agriculture, the slaughter of birds for food and for adornment, the col- 

 lection of birds for museums, and wanton destruction. In counteracting these 

 tendencies, the use of trai)S and nets should be prohibited and protection should 

 I)e afforded birds particularly diu-ing the nesting and migrating seasons. 



The food of the birds, F. I.. Berney {Emu, 7 {1907), No. 2, pp. 79-8/ ).— The 

 stomach contents were examined of a considerable variety of birds including 

 robins, pigeons, thrush, larks, cuckoos, etc. Attention is called to the difficulty 



