882 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



which this inspection may be made more effective. Statistical data are also 

 given on the occurrence of tuberculosis, anthrax, glanders, inspection of milch 

 cows, and milk supervision. 



Particular attention is called to the almost unqualified success which has fol- 

 lowed the system of cooperative pork-slaughtering and bacon-curing establish- 

 ments in Denmark. These systems are strictly cooperative but the funds for 

 establishing the plants were originally furnished by Danish banks. The co- 

 operative system is believed to be applicable to the conditions which prevail 

 in Great Britain. 



Report of the cattle commissioners, I. A. Watson, N. J. Bachelder, and 

 H. O. Hadley {Ri)t. Bd. Agr. [N. i?.], 29 (1905-6), pp. 2J8-2S^).— During the 

 period under report an increased effort has been made to disinfect premises 

 where diseased animals have been destroyed. It is believed that the good 

 effects of disinfection and other sanitary measures are of more importance in 

 the ultimate eradication of infectious diseases than has usually been supposed. 



The causes of trypanolytic crises and recurrence of trypanosom.e diseases, 

 A. Massaglia (Conipt. Rend. Acad. Sci. [Paris], l-',5 (1907), AVa 17, pp. 687- 

 6S9). — The experiments rei)orted in this paper were carried out on guinea pigs 

 infected with surra. The crises in the destruction of trypanosomes are believed 

 to be due to the formation of antibodies in the blood of infected animals. A 

 number of the blood parasites, however, acquire a tolerance to the antibodies 

 and therefore persist. These surviving parasites may bring about a recur- 

 rence of the disease. 



The vitality of trypanosomes in dead bodies, W. L. Jakimoff and Xina 

 KoLL (Arch. 8ci. Biol. [St. Pctrrsh.], 12 (1907), No. 4-5, pp. 351-358).— The 

 experiments reported in this paper related to a study of the organisms of 

 nagana, mal de caderas, surra, and dourine. The vitality of these trypano- 

 somes was studied in dead bodies of white mice kept at low and relatively high 

 temperatures. It was found that the organism of surra retained its vitality 

 longer than the other trypanosomes both at the low and high temperatures, re- 

 maining virulent in the bodies of white mice kept at a tempei'ature of 30.5° C. 

 for a period of 15 hours. 



The causes of phagocytosis, F. Neufeld (Arb. K, Gsndhf saint., 27 (1907), 

 No. 2, pp. ■'fl.'/-.'i2'i). — In cases of bacterial infection where phagocytosis occurs 

 this condition may be explained by assuming either that the phagocytosis is of 

 normal occurrence or that it takes place only in the presence and under the 

 stimulus of certain substances which affect the phagocytes. In the author's 

 study of phagocytosis as observed in various diseases considerable evidence was 

 obtained to support the belief in opsonins or other substances which stimulate 

 the phagocytes and reduce the resisting power of pathogenic bacteria. 



The influence of tuberculin on phagocytosis of the tubercle bacillus, A. 

 Calmette, M. Breton, and G. Petit (Coiiipf. Rend. 8oc. Biol. [Paris], US (1907), 

 No. 29, pp. 32.'i—326). — In experiments with guinea pigs it was found that the 

 use of tuberculin in small single doses or in small doses repeated at regular 

 intervals and administered in the peritoneum or under the skin strikingly in- 

 creases the phagocytic power of the leucocytes toward the tubercle bacillus. 

 On the other hand the single or repeated injection of large doses of tuberculin 

 reduces this power. 



Ophthalmic and cutaneous reaction in experimental tuberculosis of rabbits, 

 P. XoBECOTJUT and C. Mantoux (Compt. Rend. Hoc. Biol. [Paris], 63 (1007), 

 No. 30, pp. 382—3Sli). — In testing these methods on rabbits it was found that 

 the cuti-reaction was constantly negative and that the ophthalmo-reaction oc- 

 curred only irregularly. It did not appear until after 19 hours and was only 

 slight and of short duration. 



