VETERINARY MEDICINE. 987 



this (lisoaso ;ire discussod and dirct-tioiis arc iiiven for tho vacfiiiation of 

 yoiuii; cattle as a means of prevention. 



Pica of cattle, K. Ostkrtau (lAiiidir. Wchtibl. ScliUs. Hoist., 57 (1!)07), No. 

 JiS, pp. 112-111). — Pica appears sometimes to an alarming extent among cattle 

 maintained in the region of moor meadows. The familiar symptoms of this 

 disease are described in detail. In the region of .Johannesburg the hay of moor 

 meaaows may cause the disease, and this may be especially true after some 

 artificial improvement has been made upon the quality of the meadows. The 

 injurious effects of the hay vary from year to year. 



Tlie disease ajtpears to be in the nature of a disturbance of metabolism, and 

 manifests itself chiefly in the morbid tendency to gnaw and lick various objects. 

 The nature of the iioisonous substance in the hay of moor meadows is not well 

 understood. The author states that the disease can be largely prevented by 

 grazing these meadows, by using a partly fermented hay in the place of hay 

 cured in the ordinary manner, and by sowing clover in the meadows. 



Texas fever and cattle ticks, N. S. Mayo (Estac. Cent. Agron. Cuba Bui. 6, 

 pp. ')0, pis. 1, figs. 9). — Cattle owners are urged to exterminate ticks as far as 

 possible for the reason that they transmit Texas fever and irritate infested 

 cattle to such an extent by their presence and by the removal of blood that great 

 loss of condition and even death may result. Various oil and arsenical prepa- 

 j a lions have been found useful in destroying ticks. These dips are briefly 

 described. \n account is also given of the life history of the tick. 



Ti..- tirst K-eas. >n's work for the eradication of the cattle tick, R. P. Steddom 

 .'I. '^. D'ipt. Agr., Bur. Anim. Indus. Rpt. 1906, pp. 101-112). — The essential 

 ivT'Ures of this article have appeared elsewhere and have already been noted 

 (E. S. R., 19, p. 80). 



The prevention of parasitic infection in lambs, B. H. Ransom (U. S. Dept. 

 Agr., Bur. Anim. Indus. L'pt. I'JOU, pp. 201-212). — The experiments of which 

 the results are reported in this paper were carried on at the experiment sta- 

 tion of the Bureau of Animal Industry of this Department. The tests began 

 in 1005 and had for their main purpose the determination of the conditions 

 under which lambs become infested with round worm parasites. 



As a result of the author's experiments it is concluded that lambs from in- 

 fested ewes will remain free from hook worms if separated from the ewes 

 soon after birth and afterwards allowed with them only during short periods 

 in clean pens. The bare-lot method recommended by W. H. Dalrymple does 

 not protect lambs from infestation with twisted stomach worms, but in some 

 cases infestation with hook worms may not occur when the bare-lot method is 

 adopted. Lambs kept by the bare-lot system may escape infestation with nodu- 

 lar worms. 



Sheep infested with stomach worms, hook worms, and nodular worms were 

 found to be still infested after the lapse of 19 months, during which time they 

 were kept on a clean board floor. Infested pastures became free from hook 

 worms and nodular worms, but not from twisted stomach worms when sheep 

 were kept out of them from October 2.^> to .Tune 20 in the latitude of Washington. 



Epizootic cerebro-spinal meningitis of horses, R. W. Hickman ( U. S. Dept. 

 Agr., Bur. Anim. Indus. Rpt. lUOd, pp. 1 65-11 2 : Circ. 122, pp. 8). — The symp- 

 toms and distribution of this disease are described and particular attention 

 is given to a discussion of two outbrejiks of the disease which occurred in 

 North Carolina, in which the trouble spread rapidly and caused a high mor- 

 tality among infected animals. 



The disease spreads more rapidly and widely in low-lying localities in which 

 the drainage is defective. The inauguration of a hygienic system of feeding 

 43854— No. 10—08 7 



