SOILS FERTILIZERS. 1023 



"It is conclusively evident that with the rate at wliich the demand for nitro- 

 gen compounds is increasing, the question of future supijly is a serious one. 

 While there is no narrow limit on the quantity of ammonium sulphate that 

 could be produced in the I'nited States, due to the fact that in over 90 per cent 

 of coal coked to-day the ammoniates are wasted, there is a limit to by-products 

 of the abattoirs. The major part of available nitrogen for agricultural pur- 

 ])ost's will undoubtedly be derived from various by-products and by the aid of 

 the new electrical iirocesses." 



Fixation of atmospheric nitrogen, T. Schloesino, Jr. (Rev. i^ci. [Parish, 5. 

 ficr., 8 (1907), No. 10, pi). 280-297; Engrais, 22 (1907), A'o.s-. /,6, pp. 1097-1101; 

 J,9, pp. 1171-1175; 50, pp. 1195, 1196; abs. in /SY'i. Amer. 8up., 65 {1908), No. 

 1685, p. 2Jf7). — The present status of the nitrogen question is reviewed with 

 special reference to new sources of supply opened up by the inventions and 

 discoveries of Birkelaud and Eyde, Frank and Caro, Miintz and Laine, and 

 others. The author uses these inventions and discoveries as illustrations of 

 the great advantage of a combination of advanced scientitic work and industrial 

 practice. 



The utilization of nitrogen of the air in agriculture, P. Ulrich {Schr. 

 I'hys. Okonom. GcscU. Kitniysb., .'/7 (1906), pp. 266-270). — This is a brief re- 

 view of recent progress in the investigation of means of utilizing the nitrogen 

 of the air through the agency of nitrogen-flxing organisms in the soil, and the 

 manufacture of lime nitrogen and calcium nitrate. 



On the formation of nitrogen oxid in high-tension flames, F. Haber and 

 A, KoENiG {Ztschr. Elektrochcm., 13 (1907), No. 46, pp. 725-7Jf3, figs. J,; abs. 

 in Sci. Abs., Sect. A—Phys., 11 {1908), No. 121, pp. 69, 70).— This article deals 

 with various theoretical considerations and reports observations on the effect 

 of the character of electrodes, pressure, and strength of current on the process 

 of oxidation. As a result of these investigations the authors now recommend 

 colder arcs for the fixation of nitrogen. 



The combustion of nitrogen in the arc between conductors of the second 

 class, E. Rasch {Ztschr. Elcktrochem., 13 {1907), No. 41, pp. 669-674, figs. 3; 

 abs. in Chem. Zcntbl., 1907, II, No. 20, p. 1682; Sci. Abs., Sect. A—Pliijs., 10 

 {1907), No. 119, pp. 643, 6'///). — This paper discusses the work of Le Blanc, 

 Clement, Nernst, and others (E. S. R., IS, p. 535), and describes the apparatus 

 used and the results obtained by the author in 1905 in a study of the process 

 of oxidation of atmospheric nitrogen with the electric tlame i)assing from a 

 metallic oxid electrode directly into the condensing solution (water) of the 

 system, showing that in this case the nitrogen drawn in through the tube con- 

 taining the oxid electrode passed into the form of nitric acid or nitrates in the 

 condensing solution without observable formation of nitrogen oxids. There 

 were also produced some uncondensable white vapors which were thought to 

 be anmioniuni nitrate or i)ossibly a new nitrogen compound. 



The utilization of the water power of the Alz in the manufacture of 

 nitrates {Suatcn, Dihigcr u. Futtcrniarkt, 1907, No. 46, pp. 1358-1363).— Thin 

 l)r<)ji'ct, for which about 39,500 horsepower is available, is described, with pre- 

 liminary notes on the inii)ortance of nitrates for (Jerman agriculture and 

 Industry and the present status of their manufacture. 



Developed phosphate deposits of northern Arkansas {Amer. Fort., 27 

 {1907), No. 6. pp. 5-10). — This is a brief review of the geographic distribution, 

 geology, and development of these phosphate beds taken mainly from reports 

 which have already heim noted (E. S. R., 10, p. 337; 14, p. 430). 



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