ECONOMIC ZOOLOGY ENTOMOLOGY. 1057 



oil and Kordonux. No orchainl tests linvo beon made with these combinations 

 of copper and miscible oils, and it is, therefoie, in)posslble to report on their 

 efficiency as (-(miljined insecticides and fnnjiicides. 



Miscible oils: How to make them, C. L. Penny {Pennsylvania 8ta. Bui. 86, 

 pp. 20, /iff. I). — The author has jj;iven much attention to devising a practical 

 method for the i)reparation of miscible oils l)y means of special soap solutions. 

 The soap solution si)ecially recommended by him contains 10 gal. menhaden 

 oil, 8 sal. carbolic acid, and Ifi Ihs. of caustic potash. This mixture is healed to 

 about 300° F., after which 2 jj;al. each of kerosene oil and water are added. A 

 larjre number of insecticide formulas have been worked out by the author for 

 winter and summer use. The one which is considered most etficient for winter 

 application contains 3§ gal. of the soap solution just mentioned, 40 gal. paraffin 

 oil, G gal. rosin oil, and water in sufficient quantity for the desired dilution. 



Orchard tests of miscible oils, C. O. Houghton (Delaware /S7«. Bui. 79, 

 pp. 3.5-JfO). — In experiments conducted by the author and other investigators it 

 was found necessary to use kerosene emulsion containing from 15 to 20 per cent 

 kerosene in order to get satisfactory results in destroying scale insects. By 

 niejins of a miscible oil properly prepared scale insects were effectively destroyed 

 when only ](t per cent of heavy oil was present in the spray, and it is believed 

 that a considerably smaller percentage will give good results. The most effec- 

 tive formula for miscible oil thus far tested calls for 9 gal. soap solution, li 

 gal. water, 40 gal. paraffin oil, and 6 gal. rosin oil. 



A treatise on the parasitology of man, P. Verdun (Precis tie Parasifologie 

 lluitiaine. Paris, 1907, pp. 6+1 1 1 +727, pis. /,, figs. 310).— In this volume an 

 account is given of the life history and economic importance of the various 

 animal and plant parasites (exclusive of bacteria) which may affect man. The 

 general subject of ])arasitism is discussed and special chapters are devoted to 

 protozoa, worms, arthropods, and fungi. 



Transactions of the society for the study of malaria (Atti 8oc. Studi 

 Malaria, 8 (1907), pp. Xl+896, pis. 8, figs. 160). — As in previous transactions 

 of the society in the study of malaria, detailed accounts are given of the preva- 

 lence of malaria and the methods which have been adopted for controlling it in 

 various provinces of Italy and other parts of the world. 



W. T. De Vogel presents an account of Anopheles mosquitoes in salt water 

 (pp. 1-18). It was found that the species of Anopheles may thrive well in or- 

 dinary sea water or even after it has been evaporated so that the percentage of 

 salt is doubled. If larviP are maintained in water containing a still higher per- 

 centage of salt they fail to complete their metamorphosis. Larv.ne which de- 

 velop from eggs laid in salt water of a high concentration complete their meta- 

 morphosis in about the usual time. 



Report of the mosquito work in 1907, J. B. Smith (New Jersey Stas. Rpt. 

 1907, pp. .'i79-o60, pis. 18, map 1). — A copy is given of the New Jersey law of 

 1906 regarding the eradication of mosquitoes. During the year under report a 

 large amount of work was done under public and private auspices in the drain- 

 age of swamps, filling of small water holes, and insecticide treatment of breed- 

 ing places not easily drained. A detailed statement is given of the work and 

 results obtained in various localities in New Jersey. Some progress is reported 

 in the encouragement and introduction of minnows which feed upon mosquito 

 larvae. 



J. A. Grossbec'k gives a series of notes on the mosquitoes of the season (pp. 

 544-500). The salt marsh mosquitoes were the princli)al offenders during the 

 year and dominated the undrained parts of the coast for several miles inland. 

 Of the inland local mosquitoes Culex pipiens and V. perturbans were most 

 numerous. 



