SOILS — FERTILIZERS. 1115 



Water resources of Beaver Valley, Utah, W. T. Lkk ( U. S. (Irol. Surrci/, 

 irf;/(7-.s'M/*/*/.(/ ]'(ii>cr .Vo. 2/?', /*/*. J7, /;/. /, fiy.s. S). — The iiivestitiatioiis here 

 reiKirtetl cover an area of 1,200 s(jiiare miles in the eastern third of Beaver 

 County, and include " the determination of the flow of streams and si)rings, of 

 the manner of occurrence and quantity of the underground waters as shown by 

 the geologic and geographic conditions of the region and by the distribution of 

 sinkings and wells, and of the chemical character of the waters with reference 

 to their adaptability to domestic use and to irrigation." 



The water soluble humus substances in Norwegian fresh waters, O. 

 AscHAN {Jour, I'rukt. Vhim., n. scr.. 77 {liKJS), So. .). /;/>. ll.i-ISS. df/nis. 3). — 

 A study of the chemical composition and proi)erties of these substances is 

 reported. 



Progress in the chemistry of water, A. Goldberg (Cltem. Ztg., 32 {W08), 

 AV>.s. lo, iJiK nS-llo; J6, iip. IS7-IS!); 11', pp. 203-205). — This is a review of 

 recent investigations in this field, covering water supply and purification, action 

 of water on i»ipes and conduits, water for use in steam boilers, and general and 

 analytical investigations. 



Studies on the filtration effect of ground water, (i. Kabrhfx (Arch. Hi/fj., 64 

 (IHOS), Xo. 3. pp. 2!).'>-3l2. Jifi. /). — This is a second paper reporting investiga- 

 tions on the capacity of the soil to remove micro-organisms from the percolating 

 water. 



Sewage disposal for institutions and small communities, T. Horton {Proc. 

 .Ann. Conf. Snnit. Off- ^'. ^'m ~ (l-^Ol), pp. 96-106).— The following are given 

 as the general features of a sewage disposal plant suited to the requirements 

 of a small comnuuiity or institution requiring a high standard of purification: 



"(1) A combined screening and settling chamber of moderate cai)acity, pro- 

 vided with screens, for the removal of the coarse or grosser solids from the 

 sewage. 



"(2) A settling basin or septic tank for the precipitation or transformation 

 of a considerable portion of the organic and mineral suspended matters. 



"(3) A biological filter of the slow sand or rapid coarse grained type for the 

 oxidation and nitrification of the organic matters remaining in the settled or 

 septic sewage. 



"(4) A small settling basin, into which the etilnent from the biological filters 

 is received and sterilized, for the precipitation and destruction of the remaining 

 suspendetl matters and bacteria." 



SOILS— FERTILIZERS. 



The fertility in Illinois soils, ('. (J. Hopkins and J. II. Pettit (lUhiols Sta. 

 Bill. J 23, pp. lS7-29.'i, fiifH. H, map 1). — This bulletin summarizes the results of 

 6 years' work on Illinois soils, showing the area and distribution of the typical 

 soils of the State, their content of plant food, and the systems of manuring and 

 cropiiing which investigation has shown to be best suited to the increase or 

 maintenance of their fertility. 



It is shown that Illinois soils may be grouped in 14 main classes, namely, 

 unglaciated areas, Illinoisan moraines, lower lllinoisan glaciation, middle Illi- 

 noisan glaciation, upper Illinoi.san glaciation, pre-lowan glaciation, lowan gla- 

 ciation, deep loess areas, early Wisconsin moraines, late Wisconsin moraines, 

 early Wisconsin glaciation, late Wisconsin glaciation, old river bottom and 

 swami) areas, and sand, late swamp, and bottom lands. These main classes 

 are subdivided into peats, peaty loams, mncks, clays, clay loams, silt loams, 

 loams, sandy loams, sands, gravelly loams, gravels, stony loams, and rock 

 outcrop. 



