FORESTRY. 1147 



ieal and chemical properties, and (liirabiiity and decay, with special reference 

 to riulipi)ine species, tt)},'ether with a key to the common commercial woods of 

 the I'hilipiiines and notes on the structnre, appearance, common names, range, 

 and nsefnlness of individnal species. 



The Japanese forests and their exploitation, J. Harmand (Rev. ^ci. [Paris'], 

 5. ser., 8 (1907), Xos. II, pp. 321-326; 12, pp. 365-309).— A general account of 

 the range and constitution of Japanese forests, methods of exploitation, and 

 the present condition of forestry in Japan, as well as of the forest administra- 

 tion in the period previous to the restoration of the Empire, the present admin- 

 isti'ation. forestry laws, and scliools. The more important s]iecies of trees in tlie 

 Japanese forests are descril)e<l and a short hihliography is also given. 



The total forest area of Japan, including that owned ])y the State, the Im- 

 perial House, eonnnunities. and private individuals, is said to be about 5(MM»(t,(K>0 

 acres, inclusive of barren and denuded lands. According to the last statistics 21 

 per cent of the stands are coniferous forests, 25 per cent hardwoods, 45 i)er cent 

 mixed, and 9 per cent cleared or barren lands. 



The Carolina poplar, C. E. Bessky (Ami. Rpt. Nchi: lid. Afir. J 906-7. pp. 

 203-210). — A preliminary report of an inquiry made at the request of tlie 

 Poorest Service of this Department relative to the identity and characteristics 

 of a tree which is being largely sold in the West under tlie name of Carolina 

 poplar. 



The tree has been known in this country for nearly KX) years as PopiihiH 

 anguhita. Numerous authorities are cited to show that it is distinct from 

 western Cottonwood (P. occidentaUs) , though it is not yet clear that it is dis- 

 tinct from the eastern cotton wood (/*. dcltoidcs). The Carolina poplar requires 

 a good deal of moisture and will not thrive on a dry soil. It is recommended for 

 planting where shade, protection, and fuel are wanted in the shortest possilile 

 time, but for lumber the western cottonwood is to be preferred, since it will 

 produce a larger tree and is apparently longer lived. 



Annual report of the superintendent of State forests, W. F. Fox (N. Y. 

 State Forest, Fish and Game Com. Ann. Rpt., 12 (1906), pp. 39, pis. 20). — A re- 

 port of forest operations for the year 1906, dealing with the progress made in 

 planting, the prevention of forest fires and trespasses, the annual timber prod- 

 uct of the State preserves, etc., with a detailed account of planting operations 

 and the methods employed in the State nurseries for the proi)agation of forest 

 tree seedlings. The total amount of nursery stock available for planting in 

 the spring of 1907 was 251,844 trees. 



Statistics are also given showing the product of the forests and woodlands in 

 the State of New York for the year 1905, arranged according to species, locali- 

 ties, and industries. The lumber cut was 750,280,465 ft. B. M., the cut of pulp 

 w^ood 536,580 cords, equivalent to 294,582,420 ft. B. M., and the cut of round 

 wood for cooperage, excelsior, wood alcohol, etc., 167,207,283 ft. B. M. In addi- 

 tion, 53,374,000 shingles and 67,908,300 lath were cut. The principal species of 

 conifers according to their product were spruce, hemlock, pine, and balsam. 

 The cut of hardwoods amounted to 414,791.505 ft. B. M. The estimated forest 

 resources of New York are given as 7,660,000,000 ft. B. M. from coniferous 

 species and 38,400,000,000 ft. B. M. of hardwoods, including the cut from all 

 private woodlands as well as State reserves. The area of the Adirondack pre- 

 serve at the end of 1906 was 1,415,775 acres, and of the Catskill preserve 

 104,524 acres. 



Administration report of the forest circles in the Bombay Presidency in- 

 cluding' Sind for the year 1905—6, F. (Jlkauow kt al. (Admin. Rpt. Forest 

 l)ct)t. Bombay, 1905-6, pp. 116). — This is the customary annual report of forest 



