VETERINARY MEDICINE. 1183 



The author beliovos that many other pathological eoiiditioiis have been luistakeu 

 for dourine. 



A contribution to the study of the relationship between avian and human 

 tuberculosis, S. G. Shattock et al. {Lancet [London], 1907, II, No. 21, pp. 

 lJfJiS-lH5). — In a series of experiments carried on by the authors, the human 

 tubercle bacillus was found to be pathogenic for pigeons to only a very limited 

 degree. No general infection was set up, but merely a local reaction sometimes 

 affecting the nearest glands. The avian tubercle bacillus as obtained from 

 various species of birds proved likewise to be only slightly pathogenic for 

 guinea pigs. No transformation was observed in tlie human tubercle bacillus 

 by inoculation into birds, and the results of feeding and inoculation experi- 

 ments indicate quite clearly that the human and avian tubercle bacilli are dis- 

 tinct forms. Little reliance is placed on the opsonic test, for the reason that 

 it has been found that opsonin may be extracted from tuberculous serum by 

 saturating it with a thick suspension of melanin. 



Relationship between tubercle bacillus and other acid-fast bacilli, L. 

 Panisset {Rev. Gin. Med. Vet., 10 {1007), No. 118, pp. 5.?.3-.537).— Numerous 

 authors have called attention to the resemblance between the tubercle bacillus 

 and other relatetl organisms with waxy or fatty membrane. In the experi- 

 ments reportal by the author of this paiier cultures of the grass bacillus and 

 timothy bacillus were suspended in collodion sacs in the peritoneum of rabbits. 

 The cultures were placed in new sacs and introduced into other rabbits from 

 time to time in order to facilitate the interaction of the bacilli and the fluids 

 of the rabbit body. No indication was obtained of any tendency on the part of 

 the bacilli to become pathogenic. 



Skin and eye reaction to tuberculin in cattle, M. Vanderheyden {Ann. Med. 

 Vet., 56 {1907), No. 11, pp. 611-616). — These two methods for obtaining a reac- 

 tion to tuberculin were tested on healthy and tuberculous cattle with the result 

 that the methods appeared to have no practical value in the diagnosis of tuber- 

 culosis. 



The diagnosis of tuberculosis in cattle by the simultaneous use of the 

 eye-and-skin reaction to tuberculin, J. Lignieres {Compt. Rend. Aead. Sci. 

 [Parii^], l-'io {1907), No. 2,i, pp. 9-'f8-950). — During the author's experiments 

 the simultaneous application of tuberculin to the skin and eye was made on 

 more than 200 cattle. In every case where a positive reaction was obtained 

 from applying the tuberculin merely to tlie skin, the comldnation eye-and-skin 

 test was also positive. All cattle which subsequently proved to be nontubercu- 

 lous gave negative reactions. 



Ophthalmo-reaction in cattle, Morel {Hyg. Viande et Lait, 1 {1907), No. 11, 

 pp. .'{93-507). — Clinical notes are given on the results of a long series of tests 

 of the ophthalmic reaction to tuberculin in cattle. The author obtained good 

 results with this test and believes that it may be serviceable in cases where the 

 hyi)odermic application of tuberculin could not be made. In every case of reac- 

 tion in which i)ost-mortem examination was subsequently made the indications 

 of the test were confirmed. 



The skin reaction to tuberculin, J. LiGNii<;RES {Compt. Rend. Acad. Set. 

 \ Paris], 11,5 {1907), No. 18, pp. 727-729).— In the opinion of the author distinc- 

 tion should be made between cuti-reaction in which tubei'culin is simply rubbed 

 upon the uninjured skin and dermal reaction in which the skin is somewhat 

 scarified. It is maintained that cuti-reaction will give positive results if re- 

 peated at intervals no longer than 24 hours. From 4 to drops of tuberculin 

 may be rubbed upon the skin with a cotton tampon. After such treatment the 

 reaction is entirely local but easily recognized. There is no organic reaction or 

 appreciable elevation of temperature. 



