VETERINARY MEDICINE. 1185 



Gangrenous mammitis in sheep naaintained from milk, J. Bridrk (Bid. Knc. 

 Cent. Mnl. Vrt.. ,s", (lUOl), No. 22, pp. 500-505).— The etiology and pathology 

 of this disease are brioHy discussed. Among the various remedies which have 

 been ti'ied for controlling it none has given results so satisfactory as those ob- 

 tained by vaccination. The vaccine used by the author was prepared by attenu- 

 ating pure cultures of the organism of the disease for several weeks at a 

 temperature of o7° C. In order to avoid abortion as a result of vaccination, 

 the arthor recommends that animals should be vaccinated during the tirst 2 

 months of gestation. The use of the method recommended by him has resulted 

 in reducing the disease about 70 per cent. 



A method for combating' sheep pox, D. Konew (CcnthJ. BaJct. [rtc.^, 1. AM., 

 Ix'cf., J,0 (lUOl), No. 11-12, pp. 331-339).— T\\e reaction obtained in rabbits by 

 inoculating them with sheep-pox virus was not sufficient to obtain a vaccine, 

 and goats were then used for this purpose. It was found that after sheep-pox 

 virus had been passed through goats 15 times a vaccine was obtained which 

 was very efficient in protecting sheep against the disease. This vaccine was 

 tested in 117 localities on nearly 02,000 sheep with excellent results. 



The occurrence of pathogenic micro-organisms in healthy swine, P. A. Van 

 Vklzen {Inaiuj. Disx. Uiiir. Bern, 1907, pp. 9()). — Historical and critical notes 

 are given on the literature relating to the tinding of virulent pathogenic bacteria 

 in the organs of healthy swine. The author made a long series of observations 

 on this subject with particular reference to the more important species of bac- 

 teria which affect swine. The bacilli of swine erysipelas were less frequently 

 found in healthy swine than has usually been reported by other investigators. 

 Tubercle bacilli were not found in healthy animals. On the other hand, the 

 bacilli of necrosis and pseudotuberculosis as well as BnciUus ciiteritidis were 

 quite fre(iuently obtained from the organs of apparently healthy swine. 



A discussion of Uhlenhuth's investigations on the etiology of hog cholera, 

 A. Stadie (Berlin. Tlcrdrztl. Wchnsehr., 1907, No. //J, i)p. 799, 800).— It is con- 

 sidered as demonstrated that hog cholera in Germany is caused by filterable 

 virus. The work thus far done in perfecting a vaccine is briefly reviewed. 

 Good results have been obtained by a number of investigators in the use of an 

 active hog-cholera serum. Credit is given to the Bureau of Animal Industry 

 of this Department for priority along this line. The method, however, is con- 

 sidered too elaborate and expensive. Further investigations are, therefore, 

 desirable for the iiurpose of simplifying the vaccination methods. 



The effect sometimes produced by feeding immature, unsound, and mouldy 

 com to equines, li. C. Tiffany (Amer. Vet. Rei\, 30 (1907), No. 12, pp. I.'i25- 

 lJi30). — Clinical notes are given on a number of serious or fatal cases of 

 poisoning in horses from eating unsound or moldy corn. These symptoms were 

 usually those of meningitis and the lesions found upon post-mortem examination 

 resembled those of this disease. No medicinal treatment has proved satis- 

 factory. 



A nasal ulcer resembling glanders in the horse, L. Cominotti (Clin. Vet. 

 [Milan], Sez. Prat., 30 (1907), No. 30, pp. J,85-Jf91, fig. i).— The literature re- 

 lating to nasal ulcerations in horses is briefly reviewed. A detailed description 

 is given of a case observed by the author which appeared to be due to Saccha- 

 romyees erjui. 



The histological lesions of experimental glanders, C. W. Duval and P. (i. 

 White (Trans. Assoc. A^ncr. Physicians. 22 (1907), pp. 398-.'i28. pis. .)). — Con- 

 flicting observations had left it uncertain whether the histological changes in 

 experimental glanders vary with the virulence of the glanders bacillus. In 

 order to determine this point the author carried out a series of experiments on 

 rabbits and guinea pigs. 



