1188 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Rillito, the gaging of Santa Cruz River, pumping water for irrigation, and 

 the manufacture of cement pipe for small irrigating systems (E. S. R., 19, p. 

 689). The observations which have been made on underflow indicate that a 

 considerable supply of water can be made available from this source. It is 

 reported that numerous pumping plants have been installed during the last 

 two years, " and it is becoming very apparent that a well arranged pumping 

 plant, combined with judicious and energetic farming, is an excellent in- 

 vestment." 



The prevention of injury by floods in the Neosho Valley, Kansas, J. O. 

 Weight and C. G. Elliott ( U. »S'. Dept. Agr., Office Expt. 8tas. BuJ. WS, pp. -'i-'i, 

 pis. Uh figs. 3). — Since 1892 attempts have been made to protect from floods 

 the land in Neosho County by the building of levees, but though these have 

 afforded protection ordinarily, they have been found inadequate during such 

 floods as the one which occurred in 1904, and which is estimated to have dam- 

 aged property to the extent of $1,200,000. In response to requests from resi- 

 dents of the valley for information as to the best methods of obtaining relief 

 from such overflows, surveys were made by this Office in 1906. The results 

 of these surveys are reported, together with an outline of a plan of river 

 imi)rovemeut. 



" During the survey of this valley 350 miles of levels were run, the course 

 of the river and the lower portions of its tributaries were mapped, and 300 

 square miles of overflow land were examined. A line of check levels was run 

 the entire length of the valley and 20 standard metallic bench marks were set 

 at various important points. The cross section of the river channel was meas- 

 ured at 122 places, and a record was kept at various locations of the stage of 

 water in the river during the period covered by the survey. . . . 



'•About 161,800 acres of land will be directly aff"ected by the plans proposed, 

 which if carried out will cost in round numbers $1,703,000, or an average of 

 $10..52 an acre if the entire cost is assessed against the land. The plan upon 

 which this estimate is made consists of — 



"(1) The removal of obstructions of all kinds fi'om the bottom and banks 

 of natural channels. 



"(2) Substantial levees on each side of the channel of the river 900 feet 

 apart on the lower section, and return levees on each side of the channels of 

 the larger tributaries. 



"(3) The removal of all brush and trees from land lying between levees, 



"(4) Interior drainage by means of ditches with outlets through the levees 

 into the channels by means of sluice gates. 



"(5) Cutting a few bends, where found practicable, in the upper section of 

 the river." 



The cost of improvements is discussed, detailed maps and estimates being 

 given. 



rarm drainage operations, W. H. Day {An)i. Rpt. Ontario Agr. Col. and 

 Eijopt. Farm, 33 {1901), pp. 29-JiO, figs. .',, dgm. i).— This is a reprint, with 

 slight additions, of a pamphlet prepared for general circulation among land- 

 owners who wish to begin work in farm drainage. Simple detailed directions 

 are given for the various operations connected with laying out and construct- 

 ing a system of farm drainage, such as determining the fall along the line of 

 the proposed ditch location by the use of a homemade drainage level, construct- 

 ing a profile from the level notes and determining the best grade to be adopted 

 for the ditch, methods of digging the drain with plow and shovel, grading the 

 bottom of the ditch and laying tile, determining the proper size of tile to be 

 used, and determining the depths and the distances between parallel lines of 

 tile most suitable for different kinds of soil. In conclusion the question of 



