CHEMISTRY. 19 



tion 8 on metallurgy, mines, and explosives; Volume IV (pp. 659, ill.), of section 9 

 on chemistry applied to medicine, pharmacy, hygiene, and food, section 10 on electro 

 chemistry and electro metallurgy, and section 11 on purification, etc., of water from 

 manufactories. Volume V (pp. 360) contains a list of members and names of com- 

 mittees, with reports of excursions, etc. 



Quantitative analysis of phosphates, R. M. Caven (Jour. Soc. Chem. Ind., 16 

 (1807), pp. 20S,209; aba. in Jour. Chem. Soc. [Loudon], 74 (189S), No. 42.',, II, p. 1S7). 



Kjeldahl's process, J. O. Sullivax (Jour. Soc. (hem. Ind., 10 (1897), pp. 111,112; 

 ahs. in Jour. Chem. Soc. [London], 74 (18DS), Xo. 425, II, p. ISO). — The author used in 

 the analysis of malt extract and ale a mixture of 1 part strong sulphuric acid and 

 2 parts of Nordhausen acid, adding 0.5 gm. of mercuric oxid at the beginning and 

 completing the oxidation with potassium permanganate. 



The use of mercuric chlorid for preserving samples of juice for analysis, 

 H. Courtonne (2. Congres Internat. Chim. Appl., 1890, I, pp. 251,252). 



Simple method for analyzing organic materials (butters, oils, "waxes, hydro- 

 carbons, essences, etc.), by the determination of the critical temperature of 

 solution, L. Crismer (2. Congres Internat. Chim. Appl., 1896, IV, pp. 273-288, dgms.2). 



International agreeement in agricultural analysis, II. W. Wiley (2. Congres 

 Internat. Chim. Appl., 1890, II, pp. 237-240). 



On the analysis of beets, F. Sachs (2. Congres Internat. Chim. Appl., 1896, 



I, pp. 286-290, figs. 2). 



A method of analysis applicable to salt and crude potashes, F. Jean 

 (.'. Congres Internal. Chim. Appl., 1896, III, pp. 20, 21). — Detailed directions are given 

 for the analysis of mixtures of caustic alkalies, and alkaline chlorids, carbonates, 

 and sulphates. 



Commercial methods of analysis of flour and meal, M. Arpin (2. Congres 

 Internat. Chim. Appl., 1S96, II, pp. 58-03). 



Note on the determination of metaphosphoric and pyrophosphoric acids in 

 superphosphates, Piron and Nay de Mkzence (2. Congres Internat. Chim. Appl., 

 1890, II, pp. 174-177). — The method proposed for the determination of metaphosphoric 

 and pyrophosphoric acids is as follows: Digest 2.5 gm. of the superphosphate in a 

 250 cc. flask with 100 cc. of ammonium citrate for 12 hours. Make up the volume 

 to 250 cc. with water and filter. To 100 cc. of the filtrate add a slight excess of 

 nitric acid (about 15 cc). Heat at a temperature near the boiling point for 1 hour, 

 cool, and precipitate phosphoric acid in the usual way. The difference between 

 the amount of phosphoric acid thus determined and that found by precipitation in 

 100 cc. of the filtrate in the usual manner, without treatment with nitric acid, gives 

 the amount of metaphosphoric acid contained in the superphosphate. 



The agricultural value of Thomas slag, Cluss (Ztschr. Angew. Chem., 1S98, Xo. 



II, p. 248). — The author describes a modification of the Wagner method for ascertain- 

 ing the agricultural value of the phosphoric acid in Thomas slag. To 100 cc. of the 

 usual citrate acid solution containing the slag is added 20 cc. of concentrated nitric 

 acid, and the solution boiled in an Erlenmeyer flask until the volume is reduced to 

 about 20 cc. Twenty-five cubic centimeters of concentrated sulphuric acid is then 

 added, and the solution boiled (about 10 miuutes) until the silica is deposited. The 

 solution is then made to 250 cc, and the phosphoric acid estimated in 100 cc. of the 

 filtrate. — J. B. lindsey. 



Determination of nitrates by titration, J. Cotrait (2. Congres Internat. Chim. 

 AjjpL, 1896, II, p. 1S3). — The method employed is as follows : Place in a test tube 10 cc. 

 of pure sulphuric acid and 10 cc of the solution to be tested, covering the surface 

 with a few drops of naphtha to exclude the air. Add a solution of ferrous sulphate 

 until the brown coloration of the solution just becomes permanent. The ferrous 

 sulphate solutions are made of different strengths, that of the more concentrated 

 solutions being such that one-tenth of a cubic centimeter corresponds to 10 nig. of 

 nitrate, while in case of the weaker solution it corresponds to 2 mg. of nitrate. From 

 the amount of solution used the percentage of nitrate present is calculated. 



