WATER SOILS. 



31 



relation of the plant to the soil, suggestions regarding the maintenance 

 and increase of fertility of I tali soils, descriptions of the Cache and 

 Sanpete Valleys, and chemical analyses of 37 samples of soils from 

 Cache County and 18 samples from Sanpete County. The averages of 

 these analyses are given in the following table: 



Composition of -toils from Cache and Sanpete counties, J'tah. 



Insoluble residue 



Potash (Ka?0) 



Socla(N;i,oj 



Lime (CaO) 



Magnesia (MgO) 



< )xid of manganese (Mn 3 4 ). 



Ox id of iron (Fo/) 3 ) 



Alumina (AL.O3) 



Phosphoric acid ( P 2 O s ) 



Carbon dioxid (CO,,) 



Organic matter 



Total 



Humus 



Nitrogen (average of 13 determinations) . 

 Water at 15° C. 



Average 

 of Cache 

 County 



soils.' 



Per cent. 

 81. 09 



.99 



.53 



1.78 



.73 



.03 



2.95 



5.61 



.22 



0.34 



Average 



of 

 Sanpete 



< 'omit y 

 soils. 



Per cent. 



58. 85 



.78 



.62 



12.50 



.84 



.10 



2.71 



8.41 



.19 



10.14 



4.83 



100. 03 



1. 990 



.128 



2. 370 



2.140 



.114 



1.830 



"The general nature of Cache Valley soils is that of a moderately clayey loam. 

 The soils 011 the hillsides, which have been influenced by the seasonal wash from tbe 

 mountains, contain most clay. Tbe soils along the middle of the valley are more 

 sandy, although occasional tracts of clay soils occur. 



"Cache Valley soils do not differ much in composition from the majority of the 

 soils of the arid part of America. They are abundantly supplied with all the essen- 

 tial plant foods, and, with proper tillage, will 'last' for an indefinite period. 

 Phosphoric acid is present in least abundance. . . . 



"The general nature of Sanpete Valley soils is that of a rather clayey soil mixed 

 with an extraordinarily large amount of lime. The excess of lime obscures the 

 properties of the clay. 



"In composition the soils of Sanpete Valley differ from recorded analyses of soils 

 from other portions of the Great Basin in that they contain more lime. Otherwise 

 they are not strikingly different. They are extremely fertile soils that 'last' for an 

 indefinite period. As in Cache Valley soils, the phosphoric acid is least abundant." 



Drinking water, N. E. "Wilson (Nevada Sta. Bui. 34, pp. 16). — Tables give analyses, 

 with reference to sanitary condition, of 79 samples of drinking water from different 

 parts of the State, accompanied by explanation of terms used in discussing water 

 analysis and remarks on the dissemination of disease through drinking water. 



On the relation between geological formations and the composition of the 

 soil, A. Bernard {2. Congres Internal. Chim. Appl., 1896, II, pp. 256-206, dgms. 6). — 

 The soils of Sa6ne-et-Loire are arranged on the basis of their chemical and physical 

 analyses in 6 classes, and the relationship between physical constitution and chemical 

 composition is plotted in diagrams. 



(1) The granitic soils, represented by 90 analyses, are generally poor in phos- 

 phoric acid, and destitute of lime. 



(2) Clay soils, represented by 22 analyses, are compact and tenacious, poor in 

 phosphoric acid, and rich in potash. 



(3) The Lias soils in the 3 stages of transformation, represented by 75 analyses, 

 are remarkably rich in phosphoric acid and potash. 



