DISEASES OF PLANTS. 57 



The diseases treated of are : Stalk diseases — smut ( Ustilago sacchari), 

 red rot (Colletotrichum faleatum), ananas disease or black rot(Thielavi 

 opsis ethaceticus), Marasmius sacchari, top rot, several forms of the 

 sereh disease, and a striped disease; of the leaf sheath — eye spot 

 (Cercospora vaginae), red rot (Selerotium sp.), sour rot (Sclerotium sp.); 

 of the leaf blade — yellow spot (Cercospora kbplcei), Selerotium sp., rust 

 (Uredo kiilmei), ring spot [Leptosphceria sacchari), red spot (JSriosphceria 

 sacchari), eye spot (Gereospora sacchari), leaf spot (Pestalozzia fuscescens 

 sacchari), a disease causing a striped appearance of the leaves; root 

 diseases — root rots, some of which are due to Cladosporium javanicum 

 and Allantospora radieicola. 



In addition, the authors give a list of saprophytic fungi which have 

 been observed on the sugar cane in Java, together with technical 

 descriptions of the following new species of fungi: Colletotrichwm fal- 

 eatum, Thielaviopsis ethaceticus, Hypocrea sacchari, Marasmius sacchari, 

 and Allantospora radieicola. 



Rhizoctonia strobi, a new disease cf Pinus strobus, E. Scholz 

 (Verhandl. K. K. Zool. Bot. Gesell. Wien, 17 [1897), No. 8, pp. 541-557, 

 figs. 6). — The author figures and describes a new parasite of the white 

 pine. The attacks of the fungus were noticed in a 13-year-old mixed 

 plantation of pines. The disease, however, seemed to be confined to 

 the one species, although Pinus parolinii was abundant. Several of 

 the trees are dead, and hundreds show the presence of the fungus. 

 During the growing season the diseased trees appear wilted; the leaves 

 on the lower branches become yellow or reddish in color and tend to 

 turn downward. On the dying trees they become brown and in the 

 later stages fall off. A changed appearance in the color of the trunks 

 is noticed, especially near the collar of the tree. In this part of the 

 tree an abundant mycelium is found. The fruiting bodies of the fungus 

 have not been found. 



A number of successful inoculation experiments are reported in 

 which the fungus was transferred to some trees and the disease was 

 developed. 



But little is known about means of preventing the disease, but the 

 fungus is thought to gain entrance primarily through the soil. The use 

 of lime ou infected soil has not given advantageous results. 



The author has given the name Rhizoctonia strobi to the fungus. 



On the viability of the winter spores of certain rust fungi, J. 

 Eriksson (K. Landt. AJcad. Handl. Tidskr., 3d (1897), Wo. 6, pp. 371- 

 388). — This is a report of investigations conducted by the author dur- 

 ing the years 1895 and 189G. The main conclusions drawn from the 

 results obtained are summarized as follows: 



The winter spores of the black and crown rust fungi are viable 

 during the spriug following the fall when they formed, provided they 

 have been outdoors during the winter, exposed to alternate frost and 

 thaws, snow and rain. 



In the open air, under the climatic conditions prevailing at Stock- 



