58 l XPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



holm, Swedeu, the spores germinate daring the months of April and 

 May. II' the viable spores are prevented from germinating at the 

 regular season by keeping the rusty straw dry and indoors, their via- 

 bility will be preserved during the succeeding summer and full, into 

 the month of September or even until October. 



The vitality of the spores of the black rust of oats, rye, or barley 

 generally diminishes to such an extent that they are incapable of 

 spreading disease altera year, whether kept in or outdoors. Black 

 rusty wheat si ra w serins to preserve its disease-spreading faculty some- 

 what longer, more than a single winter, but practically speaking may 

 be considered almost without importance. 



If i lie spreading of grain rust is prevented by cutting, removing, 

 and burning black rusty straw of quick grass and other grass along 

 ditches, etc., the work should be done either late in the fall or very 

 early in the spring, as soon as the snow is gone, so that the spores on 

 the rusty straw shall not succeed in germinating in April or the begin- 

 ning of May, and thus contribute to the spread of disease in its 

 immediate vicinity. — F. W. woll. 



Annual report of the superintendent of spraying for Ontario, 

 1897 I Ontario Dept. Ayr., Toronto, 1898, pp. 16). — A detailed report is 

 given of the work conducted under the supervision of the author in 

 spraying for the prevention of fungus diseases of orchard fruits. 



In addition to spraying with fungicides for the prevention of dis- 

 eases, experiments were made in spraying fruit trees while in bloom 

 with ice water to ascertain the effect of cold rains on the fertilization 

 of flowers and the setting of fruits, also to ascertain whether with 

 heavy blooming the (lower could not be partially sterilized in this way, 

 thus saving the labor of thinning the fruit. Three peach trees, 3 plum 

 trees, 3 pear trees, and 1 apple tree were selected for the work, the 

 trees being in full bloom or just coming into bloom. Water cooled with 

 broken ice was used, and the trees were thoroughly drenched for some 

 time. All the trees were sprayed May 13, 14, and 15, and all except 

 the peach trees again on May 17 and 18. The results were carefully 

 watched, and no difference could be observed on the crop from the 

 sprayed and unsprayed trees of the same variety, nearly 100 per cent 

 of the blossoms setting in every case. 



It would appear from the results of this experiment that cold rains 

 during the blossoming period do not injure the blossoms unless the 

 rains arc so prolonged as to interfere with proper fertilization. 



The alfalfa leaf spot disease, R. Combs {Iowa Sta. Bui. 86, pp. 858, 859, fig. 1). — 

 The author figures and describes the cause of alfalfa leaf spot ( Vseudopcziza medica- 

 gink I. The history of the disease and estimations of the probable loss caused by it 

 arc gi \ en. 



On the barberry bush as a carrier and spreader of grain rust, J. Eriksson 

 (Landtm. Manadsbl., 1897, No. If, pp. 167 



Principal results of the studies on grain rusts, J. Eriksson (Rev. Gen. Bot., 

 10(1898), So. lln. pp. 88-48, fig. 1).— Essentially the same article as in Botanical 



