92 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Of 1,050 animals treated on 21 farms, 150 became diseased and 110 

 died; but of 587 injected animals none were lost. Another case cited 

 shows a loss of 20 per cent of treated as compared with a loss of 82 

 per cent of untreated animals. Where herds were already infected 

 deaths were most numerous. In one extreme case 114 animals out of 

 147 were lost. That no deaths can be attributed to the gall employed 

 is shown by the fact that where the same gall was used animals Avere 

 lost in some and not in other herds. 



The immunity obtained by the injection of gall appears only some 

 six days after the operation and is then of short duration. A serum 

 obtained at the station has given much better results. With doses of 

 20 cc. or less, an animal in the first stages of rinderpest can be cured, 

 while doses of 50 to 100 cc. has produced the same desirable effect in 

 animals in all but the very last stages. Animals were treated with it 

 which at intervals had received injections of virulent blood amounting 

 to 50, 100, 200, 500, 2,000, 3,000, and 4,000 cc. A fever reaction of 

 several days' duration followed treatment. A dose of 30 cc. of blood 

 (equal to 20 cc. of serum) from such animals was found to protect others 

 for two to three weeks. Of 24 noticeably diseased animals all were 

 saved by such small doses, while 2 animals already diseased that had 

 received 500 cc. of virulent blood were saved by a dose of 200 cc. of 

 serum. 



Comparing the results of the two methods and nontreatment, the 

 case of a diseased herd where 85 animals had died is cited. Tlie 

 remainder (482) were inoculated with gall. Some four months later 

 only 9 per cent had died. At this time, of 16 animals found to be dis- 

 eased 1 was sacrificed, to make sure that rinderpest was being dealt 

 with, and the remainder of the herd, including the 15 diseased, were 

 treated with serum at the rate of 30 cc. per animal. All were saved. 

 At another place, where 48 animals had been lost, only 10 of the 

 remainder (70) were sound. Treatment with serum saved all but 7 

 already in a hopeless condition. At another farm 101 of 285 animals 

 had died. Of the remainder 25 per cent were saved by serum injected 

 at the same rate as in the former case. One herd of 376 had lost 4, 

 and inoculations with serum at the rate of 20 cc. saved all but 16. 

 In another herd of 472 animals, 166 had been lost. After treatment 

 with serum only 46 died. According to Russian experience, immunity 

 following natural infection lasts for aboutfive years. At the Kimberly 

 station immunity was obtained with gall for four months with glycerin 

 and gall mixed in the proportion of 3 to 4 for ten to twenty days. This 

 period of immunity was raised by following the treatment of gall by 

 the injection of £ to 1 cc. of virulent blood on one side of the animal 

 and an injection of 10 to 20 or 30 cc. of serum on the other side. The 

 places of injection, it is stated, should not be less than half a meter 

 apart. Of 350 animals treated in this way only 5 per cent were lost. 



Compared with other serums, diphtheria serum, for example, the 



