282 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



Live stock, W. Reiwie (Ontario Agr. Col. and Expt. Farm Rpt. 1897, pp. 317-220). — 

 Brief statements are given concerning the feeding and care of steers, milch cows, 

 sheep, swine, and horses at the Ontario Experimental Farm during 1896-97. The 

 amount and cost of the foods consumed by 11 steers and the price received for them 

 are recorded. Comparative tests of the different feeds were not made. 



"The steers and milch cows are fed a full ration morning and night of silage, 

 pulped roots, clover hay and chaff, and chopped grain and bran. At noon they get 

 only 25 lbs. of sliced roots Under this system better results are obtained, and the 

 animals are healthier than with three full feeds per day.'' 



The average weight of the fleece of the different breeds of sheep is recorded. 



The cost of cattle raising in Argentine Republic (Mitt. Deut. Landw. Gesell., 

 1898, Nos. 9, Sup., pp. 66-72; 10, Sup , pp. 73, 74). 



Cattle raising in Argentine Republic (Mitt. Deut. Landw. Gesell., 189S, No. 8, 

 Sup., pp. 58-63). 



Sheep raising in Argentine Republic (Mitt. Dent. Landw. Gesell., 1898, No. 8, Sup., 

 pp. 57, 58). 



Horse raising in Argentine Republic (Mitt. Deut. Landw. Gesell., 1898, Nos. 8, 

 Sup., pp. 63, 64; 9, Sup. , pp. 65, 66). 



Profitable poultry breeding for the local and English markets, G. Bradshaw 

 (Sydney: New South Wales Dept. Agr., 1897, pp. 44). 



Feeding experiments with laying hens, W. P. Wheeler (New York State St a. 

 Bpt.lS96,pp. 666-68?).— A reprint of Bulletin 106 of the station (E. S. R., 8, p. 819), 

 with the addition of some detailed tabular data. 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



On the question of the processes of milk secretion, Dtssel- 

 HORST (Ztschr. Fleisch u. Milchhyg., 8, No. 6, pp. 146-150). — This article 

 is based upon investigations recently conducted by L. Michaelis in the 

 laboratory of Prof. O. Hertwig in Berlin and published as an inaugural 

 dissertation. 



Michaelis reviews the literature of milk secretion and enumerates the 

 following groups of questions which are still in doubt: (1) Is the con- 

 stant change in the form of the separating epithelium of the glands 

 dependent upon the activity of the secretion, or is it a mechanical result 

 of the fullness of the alveolus? (2) Does a breaking down of the epi- 

 thelial nuclei (which are always present in the first part of the secre- 

 tion) take place; and, if this is the case, in what manner are these 

 nuclei replaced? (3) What part do the leucocytes take in milk pro- 

 duction \ (4) Is the fat a product of the degenerated epithelial cells, 

 or is it a secretion from these cells"? 



To answer these questions Michaelis made very comprehensive inves- 

 tigations on the milk glands of cows, guinea pigs, and mice in various 

 stages of lactation. The lumen of the alveoli of pregnant animals con- 

 tains immense leucocytes, which show amoeboid motion, and which 

 often contain one or several drops of fat. These cells have only one 

 nucleus and are, as will be seen later, of great importance in the for- 

 mation of colostrum. The alveoli and the interstitial tissue also con- 

 tain large numbers of polynuclear lymph corpuscles, which may also be 



