356 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



arrangement of trees and shrubs, the choice of plauts, etc. A list of native trees 

 ;tn<l shrubs valuable for planting is added. 



The pruning of ornamental plants ( Wiener Illus. ('-art. Ztg, } 28 {1898), No. S-9, 

 ]>]>. 292-294). — The main principles of pruning ornamental plants are said to be to cut 

 back weak growths to a few buds and stronger growths only a little, and to prune 

 early blooming kinds of plants in summer after blooming and late blooming kinds 

 in fall, winter, or early spring. A list of plants is given and the season iu which 

 they should be pruned is indicated. 



Showy annuals, F. Brunton (Canad. Tlort., ..'1 (1898), No. 1 , pp. 274-277).— 

 Notes on the culture of a number of annual flowering plants useful for mixed borders. 



The species of Camellia ( Garden, 54 (1S98), No. 1401, pp. 242, 243, pi. 1, figs. 2).— 

 Notes on the ornamental value of camellias and descriptions of several species. 



Cannas in 1898, D. Zirngiebel (Florists' Exchange, 10 (189S), No. W, p. 989). — 

 Lists of cannas regarded as best by the author are given, with brief notes on their 

 value for ornamental purposes. 



Growing roses under glass, N. Butterbach (Amer. Gard., 19 (1898), No. 197, 

 Sup., pp. 1, :.'). — k prize paper on rose culture under glass. 



Growing roses under glass, T. Harrison (Amer. Hard., 19 (1SDS), No. 197, Sup., 

 pp. 2, 3). — A prize essay on rose culture under glass. 



Violets and how to grow them, F. Thawite (Amer. Gard., 19 (1898), No. 188, 

 Sup., pp. 10, 11). 



Improvement in varieties and improvement in cultural methods as exempli- 

 fied in high grade flowers, E. G. Hill (New England Florist, 4 (1SD8), No. 25, pp. 

 291, 292; Florists' Exchange, 10 (1898), No. 34, pp. 804, 805; Amer. Florist, 14 (1898), 

 No. 533, pp. 90-92). — A paper read before the Society of American Florists and Orna- 

 mental Horticulturists.- 



FORESTRY. 



Woods adapted for the manufacture of paper pulp, F. Roth 



(Forester, 4 (1898), No. 3, pp. 60, 62, 63). — The author states that accord- 

 ing to a canvass made in 1888 by the Division of Forestry of this 

 Department, of the 240 wood-pulp mills then reporting nearly half used 

 nothing but spruce timber, about -5 per cent used spruce and poplar, 

 and per cent used poplar alone, the others using a variety of woods, 

 such as pine, hemlock, basswood, balsam, cypress, birch, maple, beech, 

 buckeye, and gum. Considering the rapid increase of the wood-pulp 

 industry and the reduction of the supply, the question naturally arises 

 as to what shall prove a substitute for the spruce. The characteristics 

 of different woods and their relative value for use in the manufacture of 

 pulp are referred to, and the author in concluding states that — 



"From the standpoint of a supply, it is quite probable that the conifers will be 

 in the future, as they have been in the past, the main pulp woods of our country. 

 They are still quite abundant and any step toward protection and reforestation, such 

 as may naturally be expected in the near future, will insure new supplies by the 

 time the present stands are cut. 



"In the New England States and the East generally spruce will probably continue, 

 aided by hemlock and possibly by second-growth pine. Iu the Lake Region, hem- 

 lock, together with scattered spruce and balsam, will furnish pulp wood for a con- 

 siderable period and when this is exhausted the pine forests may be expected to take 

 their place. Of the hard woods only the basswood appears sufficiently abundant to 

 warrant its consideration as a source of long time supply. 



"In the South coniferous material is found in the spruce, white pine, and hemlock 



