594 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



The dairy interests of the United States, H. E. Alvord {Masssachusetts State Bd. 

 Agr.Rpt.lS96, pp. 136-164). — An address delivered before a public meeting of tbe 

 State Board of Agriculture reviewing tbe growth of tbe dairy interests of the United 

 States during tbe last seventeen years and considering some of tbe reforms and 

 improvements desirable or essential to future welfare. 



Dairying in Denmark during 1897, 15. BOGGILD (Tidskr. Landiikon., 17 (1S9S), No. 

 1-2, pp. 56-87). 



Report of the dairy agency in Manchester to the Swedish Agricultural 

 Department for 1897, H. Wkdin (Meddel. K. Landtbr. Stijr., 1SDS, No. 47, pp. 71). 



VETERINARY SCIENCE AND PRACTICE. 



The lung and stomach worms of sheep, J. E. Wing (Ohio Sta. 

 Bui. 91, pp. 163-178). — In tbe introduction, which is by 0. E. Thome, 

 it is stated tbat a disease caused by parasites in the lungs and known 

 as "paper skin" or "white skin" has prevailed among sbeep for an 

 indefinite period, affecting lambs and yearlings chiefly. Citations are 

 given from several papers. 



Tbe author describes the lung parasites: White threadworm (Stron- 

 gylus filar ia), the red threadworm (8. rufescens), and the hair worm 

 (Pseudalius ovis); and the stomach worm (Strongylus contortus). The 

 fact is recognized that there is no certain cure for lung disease. The 

 practice of smoking or fumigating lambs for lungworms is regarded 

 by some with considerable favor. The more promising treatment, 

 according to the author, consists of injecting into the windpipe a mix- 

 ture of 2 parts olive oil and 1 part turpentine. From 1 to 3 teaspoon- 

 fuls is sufficient for a dose. A hypodermic syringe may be used for 

 injecting. The experience of the author is quoted to show that if an 

 intermediate host is necessary for the development of the lungworm, 

 the period passed in the intermediate state is not necessarily very long. 

 A number of strong, healthy ewes and large young lambs were put on 

 a high rolling blue grass pasture of 40 acres. No sheep had been on 

 this pasture the preceding year and, so far as known, sheep infested 

 with parasites had never been pastured there. The grass was very 

 luxuriant and the grazing was largely confined to a slope near a spring. 

 The ground was thickly strewn with droppings and probably became 

 infected from the sheeps' nostrils as well. The sheep drank from the 

 stream flowing from the spring. After a time some of the older lambs 

 died quite suddenly. During June and July a number of lambs were 

 born on the pasture and they seemed to thrive at first, but in about 4.3 

 days showed symptoms indicating the presence of the lungworm and, 

 though treated with the usual remedies, the}' died. The older lambs 

 were removed from the pasture and continued to thrive and the ewes 

 remained healthy. In the author's opinion the young lambs obtained 

 the parasites from the short grass and possibly from the water in the 

 stream. "It is evideutthat older sheep in seeming perfect health may 

 infect lambs with lungworm (and doubtless stomach worm) to a fatal 

 extent, and this during a single season." 



