ENTOMOLOGY. 655 



noted. Where the nests can be located, whole colonies may be destroyed 

 by pouring an ounce or two of carbon bisulphid into a number of holes 

 made in the nest with a stick and promptly closing the holes with the 

 foot. 



"Whenever the nests of any of these ants can not he located, there is no other 

 resource than the temporary expedient of destroying them wherever they occur in 

 the house. The best means of effecting this end is to attract them to small bits of 

 sponge moistened with sweetened water and placed in the situations where they are 

 most numerous. These sponges may be collected several times daily and the ants 

 swarming in theiu destroyed by immersion in hot water. It is reported also that a 

 sirup made by dissolving borax and sugar in boiling water will effect the destruc- 

 tion of the ants readily and in numbers. The removal of the attracting substances, 

 wherever practicable, should always be the first step." 



The true clothes moths, C. L. Marlatt ( U. 8. Dept. Agr., Division 

 of Entomology Circ. 36, 2. ser., pp. 8, Jigs. 3). — The case-making clothes 

 moth (Tinea pelUonella), the webbing or southern clothes moth (Tineola 

 biselliella), and the tapestry moth (Trichophaga tapetzella) are described 

 and their life histories aud habits are briefly given. The remedies 

 usually employed are noted, namely., beating, shaking, or brushing the 

 articles affected, exposing them to air and sunlight, the use of various 

 repellauts, such as tobacco, camphor, naphthaline, cedar chips, tarred 

 paper, etc. Articles which are free from the insects may be kept so by 

 inclosing them in tight bags of cotton or linen cloth or strong paper. 

 Cold storage can be successfully used to prevent injury from clothes 

 moths. Tests made at Washington demonstrated that a temperature 

 maintained at 40° F. renders these insects dormant and is thoroughly 

 effective. The lame are not killed even at a steady temperature of 

 18° F., but an alternation of a low temperature with a comparatively 

 high one iu variably results in their death. 



The larger apple-tree borers, F. H. Chittenden ( U. S. Dept Agr., 

 Division of Entomology Circ. 32, 2. ser., pp. 12, figs. 3). — The round- 

 headed apple-tree borer (Saperda Candida), the spotted apple-tree borer 

 (8. cretata), and flat headed apple-tree borer (Ghrysobothris femorata) 

 are described and their distribution, food habits, life history, methods of 

 attack, and natural enemies are given. 



The methods of controlling the round-headed apple-tree borer are to 

 practice clean culture, cut the larvre out of the tree, kill them by apply- 

 ing kerosene wherever their castings are seen protruding through the 

 bark, or prevent their entrance by means of impenetrable substances, 

 such as paper and hydraulic cement, or by repellant washes made from 

 fish oil or soft soap, with the addition of caustic potash or washing soda 

 carbolated with carbolic acid. 



The remedies are the same for the spotted and flat-headed apple-tree 

 borers as for the round-headed borers, except that for the flat- headed 

 borer the coverings and washes should be applied farther up the tree 

 truuks and branches, and that trap wood may be used. It is suggested 

 that limbs and trunks of newly felled trees which the borers attack, 



