808 



EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



which the urine can flow. It is then collected, together with the water 

 used to rinse the floor and receptacles. In experiments with sheep and 

 swine the feces are often collected in a suitable sack attached to the 

 animal, though this precaution is not always taken. The difficulty of 

 separating and collecting the urine and feces with milch cows perhaps 

 accounts for the relatively small number of metabolism experiments 

 with them. 



An experiment of 5 days' duration was made by Voit in Munich, 

 and oue of 8 days' duration by Fleischer in Hohenheim. In both 

 cases the excretory products were collected in suitable vessels by the 

 assistants watching the cows. In 1809 Kiihn and Fleischer, at Mock- 

 ern, devised an apparatus for experiments with cows which permitted a 

 satisfactory collection of the urine, but did not provide for the collec- 



Fig. 15.— Apparatus for use in digestion experiments with cows. 



tion of the feces. In 1894 the writer devised apparatus for use in ex- 

 periments with cows which insures the separation and collection of the 

 urine and feces. It is attached to the cow by means of a band around 

 the body. A system of pulleys and bands holds the apparatus in posi- 

 tion when the cows are lying down or standing. The device is illus- 

 trated in the accompanying ligures. 



In metabolism experiments it is essential to determine the amount of 

 urine and feces excreted per day, rather than the total amount excreted, 

 since this alone offers a means of judging of the cleavage processes 

 which take place in the body. In the case of experiments with dogs 

 each day's urine may be easily collected by means of a catheter, but 

 with large animals, such as steers, this is hardly practicable. In the 

 case of man and some animals the feces may be separated with char- 



