DAIRY FARMING DAIRYING. 885 



What progress has been made in feeding meat meal? 0. Schellenberger 

 (Fiihling's Landw. Ztg., 4; 1 1898), Xo. 18, pp. 099-702; 19, pp. 717-7,21).— A general 

 article summing up some of the experiences -with meat meal. 



The consumption of oxygen and the amount cf oxygen required by mammals, 

 J. Rosenthal {Arch. Physiol. [pa Bois-Reymond~\, 22 {1858), pp. 271-281; aim. in Zool. 

 Cental., 6 (1S99), Xo. 3, p. 111). — Experiments with animals are reported in which a 

 respiration apparatus which combined the principles of Regnault-Reiset and Yoit- 

 Pettenkofer was used. 



The fate of carbon monoxid in the animal body, F. Wachholtz (Arch. Physiol. 

 [Pfliiger], 74 {1899), Xo. 3-4, pp. 174-180). 



The relation of intestinal bacteria to nutrition, M. Schottelius (Arch. Jfyg., 

 84 (1S99), Xo. 3, pp. 2W-243, figs. 3, dgm. 1). — Tests were made with chickens hatched 

 under conditions which rendered them free from intestinal bacteria. After hatch- 

 ing they were supplied with sterilized food and water and the experimental condi- 

 tions were such that the intestinal tract was kept free from bacteria. After a few- 

 days the chickens did not thrive and at the end of 17 days were very weak. The 

 tests were not continued uutil the chickens died, but, in the author's opinion, they 

 could not have lived more than 2 or 3 days longer. The chickens were killed and 

 culture experiments were made, which showed that they were free from bacteria. 

 Chickens raised under the same general conditions, but with no precautions to pre- 

 vent their acquiring intestinal bacteria, grew normally. The author points out 

 ways in which the experiments could be improved, but considers that they show 

 the necessity of intestinal bacteria. 



"White cattle : An inquiry into their origin and history, R. H. Wallace ( Trans. 

 Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasgoxo, n. ser., 5 (1897-9S), Xo. 2, pp. 220-273, fins. 2?, pis. J).— This 

 is an extended study of the origin of the so-called white cattle of Great Britain. 



Swine, A. S. Bedford (Canada Expt. Farms Rpt. 1897, p. 221). — Statistics are 

 given of the pigs kept at the Manitoba Station farm. 



Fattening swine, Taxcim': {Fuhling's Landw. Ztg., 47 (1898), Xo.20,pp. 770-774; 

 21, pp. 805-S09). — A general discussion of the subject. 



Report of the poultry manager, A. G. Gilbert (Canada Expt. Farms Ept. 1897, 

 pp. 231-245). — Among other points, somewhat detailed statements are given of the 

 rations fed to the poultry during the year and their cost, the eggs laid and the prices 

 received for the eggs, and the number of eggs set and chickens hatched. The impor- 

 tance of avoiding overfeeding is insisted upon. Unsuccessful attempts to coss a 

 tame gander with a wild goose and a wild gander with a tame goose are recorded. 

 The wild goose laid 6 eggs, but none of them hatched. 



The new poultry plant, G. M. Gowell (Maine Sta. Ept. 1897, pp. 97-103, jil. 1). — 

 A description of the new station poultry house, with a brief outline of experiments 

 undertaken. 



DAIRY FARMING— DAIRYING. 



Studies in milk secretion, drawn from officially authenticated 

 tests of Holstein-Friesian cows, H. H. Wing and L. Anderson 

 (New York Cornell Sta. Bui. 152, pp. 51-105). — The results are given of 

 210 separate seven-day tests of 153 registered Holstein cows, repre- 

 senting 8 different herds. The tests were made at different times, 

 beginning in 1894, for members of the Holstein-Friesian Association of 

 America, under the supervision of authorized representatives of the 

 station. Some cows were tested twice and one was tested G times. 

 The data given include the yield of milk and bntter fat, fat content as 

 determined by the Babcock test, and the food consumed. The results 

 are grouped according to the age of the cows. 74 tests being of two- 

 year-olds, 38 of three-year-olds, 33 of four-year-olds, and G3 of cows 5 



