AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING. 897 



Bacchus, Brant, and Concord: Juice heated to 170° for 10 minutes, to 

 100° for 10 minutes, 150° for 10 minutes, 130° for 10 minutes on 2 con- 

 secutive days, not heated, and bottled cold but treated with formalin, 

 A to 1 per cent. Sugar was used in all cases at the rate of 2 oz. to each 

 pint of juice. The results arc summarized as follows: 



"(1) Formalin while a proved ferment arrester imparts such a disagreeable flavor 

 to the juice that it can not be used, at least as strong as in the proportion of J per 

 cent. 



"(2) Sugar added to the juice with formalin masked the flavor of the latter some- 

 what, but did not obliterate it entirely. 



"(3) Salicylic acid, 0.175 gm. with 2 oz. sugar to each pint produced the most 

 palatable beverage. 



"(4) Samples were successfully preserved when heated for 10 minutes at 160° with 

 sugar at the rate of 2 oz. to each pint of juice. Duplicate samples without sugar 

 were also successfully preserved but were not generally as palatable as the former. 



"(5) 160° F. seems to be the lowest safe temperature that may be used in the pres- 

 ervation of grape juice. The juice may be held at this temperature for 15 or 20 

 minutes without imparting to it any unpleasant boiled flavor." 



Utilization of Indian cornstalks in Russia, W. R. Hollowav ( U. S. Consular 

 Kjyts. 1898, Xo. 217, pp. 216, 217).— A brief account is given of a trial by the Russian 

 Admiralty of cellulose packing made from the pith of cornstalks. 



The cornstalk as a commercial commodity {Drainage Jour., 20 (1898), Xo. 11, 

 p. 313). — The use of the outer hard portion of the cornstalks ("shives") for paper 

 making is briefly discussed. 



The nonsugars in beets in their relation to sugar manufacture, A. Rumpler 

 (Die Xichtzuckerstoffe der Ruben in ihren Beziehungen zur Zuckerfabrikation. Brunswick: 

 Friedrich Yieweg 4' Sohn, 1S98, pp. 523). 



Progress in the manufacture of beet sugar in 1898, E. O. vox Lippmann (Chem. 

 Ztg., 23 (1899), Xo. 11, pp. 106-109). — A resume of work on the growing of beets, and 

 the science and technology of the manufacture of sugar, disposal of by-products, etc. 



The manufacture of starch from maize in Russia, L. Kramm ( Abs. in Bui. Assoc. 

 Chim. Suer. et Distill., 16 (1S9S), Xo. 4, p. 372). 



AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING. 



Fourth biennial report of the State engineer of Wyoming, 1897-98 (Cheyenne. 

 1898, pp. 304, pis. 11, figs. 11, map 1).— Among the subjects discussed are adjudication 

 of water rights, measurements of streams, agricultural problems and possibilities 

 of northern Wyoming, reservoirs, and selecting State lands (especially for grazing 

 purposes). 



First biennial report of the State engineer of Utah, 1897-98 (Salt lake City, 

 1899, pp. 86, figs. 18).— This includes a summary account of the work of the office of 

 irrigation engineer during 1897-98, a discussion of irrigation legislation in the 

 State, and instructions as to the preparation of plans for dams or dikes and the 

 measurement of water (including tables of discharge over rectangular weirs). 



Fourteenth annual report of the hydraulic engineer on water supply, Queens- 

 land, 1897-98 (Brisbane, 1898, pp. 59, pis. 4, dgms. 13, maps 5).— This report summar. 

 izes the operation of the water supply department of Queensland during the year 

 ending June 30, 1898, giving an account of surveys in connection with flood warnings 

 and data relating to artesian wells and irrigation. The report is profusely illustrated 

 with plates, maps, and diagrams. 



On the preservation of the water supply, being the principal results of four 

 years' work of the expedition for the investigation of the sources of the main 



