930 EXPERIMENT STATION RECORD. 



ph. 2). — A description is giveii of the biological laboratory situated at Point Judith 



pond, and a brief review of the investigations which have been carried on at that 

 point. 



METEOROLOGY— CLIMATOLOGY. 



Meteorological report, ST. Helme (Rhode. Island Sta. h'pt. 1897, 

 pp. a 18-633). — This includes general notes on the weather during 1897 

 and a tabulated record of observations on temperature, precipitation, 

 cloudiness, and prevailing winds during each month of 1897, with a 

 summary for the years 1890-1897, inclusive. The summary for 1897 is 

 as follows : 



Temperature (degrees F.). — Maximum, 90, September 10; minimum, 1, January 20; 

 mean, 48.3; annual range, 89; highest monthly mean, 70.6, July; lowest monthly 

 mean, 28.2, February; highest daily mean, 76, September 10; lowest daily mean, 

 6, January 19. Precipitation (inches). — Total (rain and melted snow), 54.25; great- 

 est monthly, 10.25, November; least monthly, 0.89, October; greatest in 24 consecu- 

 tive hours, 5.17, November 2 ; snow fall — total, 48; greatest monthly, 19.5, January ; 

 least monthly, 3, March. Weather. — Number of clear days, 129; number of fair 

 days, 126; number of cloudy days, 110; number of days on which there was precipi- 

 tation of 0.01 in. or more, 128. Prevailing wind, southwest. 



The meteorology of 1897 (Trans. Highland and Ayr. Soc. Scotland, 5. ser., 10 (1898), 

 pp. 401-408). — "A table gives a comparison of the winds, mean pressure, temperature, 

 rainfall, cloud, and sunshine of 1897 as compared with the previous 41 years' 

 averages," and the weather conditions during each mouth are discussed in detail 

 with brief notes on the character of the principal crops of the year. 



Results of meteorological observations made in the depressed area of the 

 center of the continent of Asia (Luktshoun), A. De Tillo (Compt. Bend. Acad. Set. 

 Paris, 128 (1899), No. 3, pp. 154-1.56). 



The temperature and moisture of the air in open fields and pine and beech 

 •woods, J. Schubert (Ztschr. Forst. u. Jagdic, 31 (1899), No. 2, pp. 91-99). 



Observations on the sun at the observatory of Lyons during 1898, J. Guillaume 

 (Compt. Bend. Acad. Sci. Paris, 12S (1899), No. 3, pp. 158-160). 



Climate of the Klondike, J. Hann (Met. Ztschr., Jan., 1899; abs. in Nature, 59 

 (1899), No. 1532, p. 448).— A compilation of available data. 



WATER— SOILS. 



Lysimeter experiments, J. Hanamann (Ztschr. Landw. Yersuchsic. 

 Oesterr., 1 (1898), p. 399; abs. in Chen). Ztg., 22 (1898), JV'O. 99, Repert., 

 p. 313). — The author reports the results of a series of investigations 

 with lysimeters which show that drainage water removes more plant 

 food from bare soils than from those covered with crops, the most 

 important loss being that of nitrogen, and this was especially great in 

 the warmer portion of the year, when nitrification is most active. The 

 loss was smallest in those soils bearing plants which made the greatest 

 demand upon the soil and covered the soil most completely throughout 

 the year. In fallow soils there was a very large loss of nitric nitrogen. 

 The largest amounts of nitrates were taken up from the soil by corn, 

 barley, sugar beets, and horse beans, plants whose nitrogen require- 



